Day 3 :
- Addiction Treatment and Rehabilitation
Session Introduction
Prapapun Chucharoen
Mahidol University, Thailand
Title: Attachment disorder associated drug and substances abuse
Biography:
She completed Ph.D. in Neuroscience at the age of 38 years from Mahidol University. She had received National excellent award in academic for addiction 2015.
She is the director of Master of Arts program in Addiction Studies, ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand. This is the only Master Program in addiction studies in Southeast Asia. Our program aimed to create social leader/ practitioner in the fi eld of addiction studies. Those who graduate from the program will be capable of practicing as well as conducting research in this discipline in order to support the social environment of a country with respect to the prevention and alleviation of narcotics and others addiction problems. The therapy and rehabilitation of addicts is also included in the curriculum. She had published more than 30 papers in journals and serving as an editorial board member of Journal of Public Health and Development Thailand.
Abstract:
There is also an increased risk of Drug and Substances Abuse among youths. Family is key factor aff ect using substances. The family remains the primary source of attachment, nurturing, and socialization for humans in society. When babies are born they rely on parents or caregivers to protect them, care for them and look aft er both their emotional and physical needs. Attachment was forming. This attachment helps children learn to love and trust others. In addition regulate emotions and develop healthy in later of life. In this present study we examine attachment disorder in youth who were drugs and substance
abuse. Th e Cross sectional studies were used. There were 250 patients who were collected. Th e validity of questionnaire were proved by specialists in order to correct the content and also to guide, introduce the researcher to improve and complete the language. For reliability, we tried out with any group which lock like real group such as 30 narcotics patient and calculated the
reliability by seeking Cronbach’s Coeffi cent of Alpha ≥0.7. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, and Chi-square test was used to determine association between independent and dependent variables. Th e majority of patients were male (67.7%), with age range between 20-29 years (53.2 %), single (60 %), primary education level (48 %), general employee (63.2 %), family income between 5,001-10,000 baht (53.2 %), The patient were methamphetamine addict (94 %), drug using between 2-5 years (38.8 %), and reside together with parents (30.4%). Most of the patients were neglected and abuse from family members.
It is found that domestic violence associated with attachment disorder. Th is research revealed that relationships among family member are key factor of drug and substances prevention.
Patrick Cronin
Northeast Addictions Treatment Center, USA
Title: Northeast addictions treatment center: Working on addiction recovery
Biography:
Patrick Cronin is Director of Business Development at Northeast Addictions Treatment Center Greater Boston AreaMental Health Care. Previously he worked at Massachusetts Organization for Addiction Recovery, Spectrum Health, and Genzyme. His Education Suffolk University Sawyer School of Management Nominated for Recovery Advocate of the Year Young People in Recovery. He selected for Governor Baker's State without Stigma billboard campaign Commonwealth of Massachusetts September 2015, Radio and billboard campaign to remove the stigma surrounding addiction.
Abstract:
Massachusetts has been in the top 5 states for heroin overdoses for over 3 years in a row. As recovering addicts of our community we have joined together in the opening of Northeast Addictions Treatment Center. WE have combined the best clinical, medical and twelve step centred doctors, psychologists and clinicians to address the on-going problem. As a community we watched as our loved ones, clients, patients, co-workers and colleagues struggled to fi nd adequate care in the great city of Boston and the surrounding area. Once someone was fi nally admitted to a local hospital, facility or detox their stay was all too oft en short and they never had the chance to address any underlying causes and conditions of their disease. We found no long term or Evidence Based Practices inside of the greater Boston area. Northeast Addictions Treatment Center wanted to fi rst address this issue then move on to other issues, such as lack of family therapy, evidence based treatment and safe living conditions.
Northeast Addictions Treatment Center has been opened for approximately two months and has seen over 50 patients in that short time. With an evidence based practice, LMFT involvement in families and suff erer’s lives, 12 step immersion 80% of our patients have completed 45 days of treatment and a staggering 65% have remained sober upon completion.
Additionally by opening a private facility we have opened up 50 beds in the public health sector which would have otherwise been taken up by the private sector.
Adi Jaffe
Alternatives Behavioral Health LLC, USA
Title: Employing mobile breathalyzers for alcohol use disorder treatment in outpatient settings: data trends on best practices
Biography:
Adi Jaffe received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in 2010. Even before he graduated his name had become known through his online and academic writing. His views on addiction and his research on the topic have been published in dozens of journals and online publications and he has appeared on several television shows and documentaries discussing current topics in addiction and the problem of addiction as a whole. Most recently He had the privilege to speak at a TEDx event hosted by UCLA. His view is a holistic one, drawing from the best and most recent research to bring as complete a solution to addiction clients.
Abstract:
This talk will detail the implementation, validity and utilization of mobile momentary-assessment breathalyzers within the context of an Intensive Outpatient(IOP) treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder(AUD). Fifty-Six participants in an IOP treatment program in Southern California were provided breathalyzers when entering treatment. Breathalyzer assessment schedules were set based on participant’s sleep schedule and three daily remote assessments were programmed. The abstinence group recorded lower maximum Blood Alcohol Content(BAC) as well as a signifi cantly lower average BAC than the
moderation group. A signifi cant presence of missing data was identifi ed, with participants missing approximately 38% of the programmed tests, although no signifi cant group diff erences were found based on treatment goal selection. Th e study reveals that the utilization of a mobile breathalyzer within an IOP treatment context is feasible. Th e study also details analysis recommendations for providers engaged in such data collection. Reporting adherence as a measure of treatment progress is suggested given the relationship between treatment success and breathalyzer reporting observance. Finally, BAC-related findings showed diff erences between clients based on initial goal-selection.
Biography:
Professor Jacob Barg graduated medical school in 1976 and the Kaplan Medical Center in 1985. He completed his Ph.D. at the Weizmann Institute of Science in
1989. He performed a postdoctoral research in the Department of Biochemistry at St. Louis University. Following that, he joined the Department of Biochemistry as an assistant research professor and then Head of Research and Development at Wolfson Medical Center. He joined the Ashkelon Academic College, Department of Criminology to continue his contribution for the scientifi c welfare. Professor Jacob Barg is a member of several national and international organizations including the Israeli Olympic Committee for the Prevention of Sports Doping & also Presiding Judge of the Israeli National Committee and the Israeli Olympic Committee for the Prevention of Sports Doping.
Abstract:
The use of drugs including tobacco and alcohol is among the most important reasons to cause disability, premature mortality and disease-related incapacities. In addition, drug addiction, alcohol use and abuse and smoking account for an incredible load of disease and injury and economic costs. Although no distinct conclusions have been drawn, and no fi nal decision was made, a growing body of evidence shows some striking similarities between food addiction and drug addiction. As shown by research and physicians dedicated to treating and preventing addiction, adopt a broad defi nition of addiction, which include
not only drugs and alcohol but also “process” of addictions such as food, sex and gambling. Google Trends adjusts search data to make comparisons between terms easier. Th e procedure places the most search volume always to be ranked highest. To do this, each data point is divided by the total searches. Th e resulting numbers are then scaled to a range of 0 to 100. Th is information
can be limited to regions or worldwide and can be limited in time. Searching for a term on Google Trends shows the term’s popularity over time in nearly real time. Prediction of how popular the term will be in the near future can be estimated and the forecast is based on a mathematical approximation. With Google Correlate, a data series can be compared with queries whose frequency follows a similar pattern. These research approaches were the theoretical foundation for the implementation of the current study that shows the similarities between drug and food addiction trends. Moreover, a correlation between the two addictions exists and is signifi cant.
Biography:
Creswell earned her Doctor of Education in Counseling Psychology from Argosy University/Washington DC. She is a board certifi ed music therapist and a licensed clinical professional counselor who has worked in the fi eld of mental health in various settings for the past 15 years. Prior to moving into an administrative role, she spent 11 years as a music therapist working with children, adolescent, adult and geriatric populations. She has a wealth of knowledge in program development and has a long standing interest in developing and modifying treatment provisions for women with severe and persistent mental illness, trauma, and substance use disorders. She has conducted research on women’s perspectives of treatment in the psychiatric institution with plans to conduct further research. She is invested in creating a robust gender-responsive program for women with co-occurring disorders receiving treatment in psychiatric institutions and to enhance their therapeutic
treatment experience.
Abstract:
Saint Elizabeths Hospital is the District of Columbia’s psychiatric facility for individuals with serious and persistent mental illness in need of intensive inpatient care and assistance in their recovery process. Mental health evaluations and care are also provided to individuals committed by the court system. Personalized treatment plans are developed to help each individual in care achieve the highest quality mental health outcomes. In 2010, the hospital made the transition into its new 450,000 square foot, state-of-the-art facility. Th e new building’s therapeutic design includes bright and airy living and treatment spaces, while incorporating best practices in modern, in patient mental health care with an environmentally sensitive design and sustainable strategies. It has green spaces off each patient unit, enclosed courtyards and a 28,000 square-foot green roof that is likely the largest on any psychiatric facility in the country.
Th e purpose of this presentation is to explore the perspectives of women diagnosed with co-occurring disorders on the treatments provided by a state psychiatric hospital so that appropriate recommendations for changes in treatment may be made. In the study Critical ethnography was used and the data was viewed through the lens of intersectionality from the black feminist perspective. Seven women hospitalized in one psychiatric hospital in the Mid-Atlantic region participated in the study. Data was collected via semi structured interviews, Consumer Perceptions of Care survey, researcher's observations, and archival data. Three major fi ndings emerged: (1) Dialectical Behavioral Th erapy (DBT) was identifi ed as a benefi cial treatment, (2) a lack of trust in the system and people in the system, and (3) housing or homelessness was perceived as a barrier. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended clinicians, administrators, and policy makers listen closely to individuals receiving treatment to make decisions regarding treatment accordingly.
Edward Korzus
University of California Riverside, USA
Title: Abnormal interactions of neurodevelopment with drugs of abuse trigger permanent deficit in the endocannabinoid system-dependent brain natural ability to alter and protect itself
Biography:
Korzus is an Assistant Professor in Neuroscience and Psychology at University of California Riverside. He completed his Ph.D. in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry at the University of Georgia-Athens. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Howard Hughes Medical Institute at University of California San Diego and is the recipient of numerous Medical Research Awards. Currently, he is a P.I. of the National Mental Health Institute’s research program “Prefrontal circuit and function in memory accuracy” and the holder of NARSAD Award.
Abstract:
Cannabis abuse is considered to be the serious, if not the greatest known environmental risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. Individuals who are exposed to cannabis experience variety of psychoactive eff ects such as general alteration of conscious perception, euphoria, problems with social interactions, memory and learning, and occasionally anxiety and paranoia. Our research indicates that abnormal interactions of neurodevelopment with the environment triggered by drugs of abuse during neonatal or adolescent periods may permanently impair brain function including the brain natural ability to alter and protect
itself, i.e. endocannabinoid system (eCB)-dependent inherent neuroprotection of circuit integrity and neuroplasticity. The eCB system represents a major activity-dependent regulatory system in the central nervous system and has been implicated in multiple brain functions, including synaptic plasticity and the homeostatic regulation of network activity patterns. Noteworthy, deficiency in eCB signaling found in developmental model for psychosis is associated with abnormalities in prefrontal cortexdependent fear discrimination learning. We also show that mouse model of adolescent cannabis abuse shows defi cits in an
endocannabinoid -mediated signaling and neuroplasticity in adult prefrontal cortex, a brain region encompassing neural circuit for decision-making. Blockade of the primary gene product responsible for degrading the endogenous endocannabinoid, with the specifi c drug ameliorates these defi cits. Th e observed defi cit in endocannabinoid-dependent signaling in the brain may
represent a neural maladaptation underlying cortical network instability and abnormal cognitive functioning triggered by overactive CB1 receptor during adolescence. Th e validity of these observations to human conditions relies on their criteria and translating data obtained in mouse to human behavior and physiology. Th ese results suggest that transiently overactive CB1 receptor in the brain during adolescence leads to permanent alterations in the endocannabinoid system dependent signaling and neuroplasticity. Cannabis abuse during adolescence increases the risk of schizophrenia, which involves developmental maladaptations in neural circuitry that result in impaired brain functioning. In addition, the endocannabinoid system is altered in the brains of people with schizophrenia. Th ese fi ndings provide additional insights into the pathological processes related to increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders and point towards developing new treatment strategies.
Kjetill Hustoft
Stavanger University Hospital, Norway
Title: Predictors of involuntary hospitalizations to acute psychiatry
Biography:
Kjetil Hustoft born 1964 in Stavanger, Norway, had an intership at World Health Organization, Genève, Switzerland in 1988 with topic: "Social Marketing in Primary Health Care How to Sell Health.” Master of Public Health (M.P.H.) at University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health in 1989. He has completed his M.D in 1991 at the age of 27 years from School of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway, became Medical Specialist in psychiatry in 1999 (Psychiatrist). He has been a university lecturer at University of Bergen, School of Medicine 2000 - 2013. He is now Chief Psychiatrist at Stavanger University Hospital, division of Psychiatry. His main interest has been acute emergency psychiatry.
Abstract:
The Multi-center study of Acute Psychiatry included all cases of acute consecutive psychiatric admissions in twenty acute psychiatric units in Norway, representing about 75 % of the acute psychiatric units during 2005-2006. Data included admission process, rating of Global Assessment of Functioning and Health of the Nation Outcome Scales.
Results: We found that 1453 (44%) of the patients were referred for involuntary hospitalization, 28% were referred for involuntary observation (maximum duration 10 days), 16 % for involuntary hospitalization with no time limit for stay. Regression analysis identifi ed contact with police, referral by physicians who did not know the patient, contact with health services within the last 48 h, not living in own apartment or house, high scores for aggression, level of hallucinations and delusions, and contact with an out-of offi ce clinic within the last 48 h and low GAF symptom score as predictors for involuntary
hospitalization. We also found that . Aft er reevaluation by specialist in the hospital within 24 hours of arrival 320 patients (21.8%) were converted from involuntary refererd paragraph to voluntary hospitalization. Th is conversion was predicted by that the patient said he/ she wanting admission, had a better Global Assessment of Symptom score (GAFs), less severe symptoms of hallucinations and delusions and more use of alcohol. Involuntary patients were older, more oft en male, non-Norwegian, unmarried and had lower level of education. They more oft en had disability pension or received social benefi ts, and were more oft en admitted during evenings and nights, found to have more frequent substance abuse and less oft en responsible for children and were less frequently motivated for admission.
Involuntary patients had less contact with psychiatric services before admission. Most patients were referred because of a deterioration of their psychiatric illness.
Elizabeth Halpern
Central Navy Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Title: Cross-cultural issues on alcohol addiction: Brazilian Navy military personnel drinking patterns
Biography:
Elizabeth Halpern is a Psychologist and a Frigate-Commander of the Brazilian Navy, a specialist in Medical Psychology, a Master in Collective Health, and a PhD in Mental Health. She dedicated 28 years in the Brazilian Navy hospitals and outpatient clinics, working as a chief and therapist, from prevention to rehabilitation, giving lectures and courses to military personnel, assisting families, couples, adolescents, and children, in groups and individually. As the Chief of the Center for Chemical Dependency during the last decade, she dedicated her practice towards addiction, and published 19 articles related to drinking practices in the workplace.
Presently, she is the Chief of the Health Department of the Central Navy Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Abstract:
An innovative study conducted at the Center for Chemical Dependency of the Brazilian Navy, through an ethnographic study and participant observation, examined the infl uence of this institution in the construction of patients’ alcoholism.Cross-cultural issues must be taken into account in order to understand better certain drinking patterns in the workplace. For that, it is believed that a socio-anthropological eye on alcoholism was relevant, since it unveiled one of the main findings of this research: the alcoholic habitus. It refers to internalized patterns of behaviors, attitudes, and thoughts associated to ways of drinking, mainly collectively. Drinking on board is a learned naval tradition, disseminated by beliefs and myths in favor of alcoholic beverages during the working journey. Th e results motivate the application of protective procedures on behalf of the servicemen and the organization.
Anna Moszczynska
Wayne State University, USA
Title: The role of E3 ligase parkin in neurotoxicity of psychostimulant methamphetamine
Biography:
Dr. Anna Moszczynska completed one of her two M.Sc. programs, her Ph.D. program, and one of three postdoctoral studies at University of Toronto in Canada. She subsequently completed additional two postdoctoral programs, at Guelph University in Canada and at Boston University in the USA. Dr. Moszczynska’s experience combines chemical engineering, cellular and molecular neurobiology, neurochemistry, neurotoxicology, genetics and pharmacology. She is currently an Associate Professor at Wayne State University in Detroit, USA. Her research focus is on neurotoxicity of psychostimulant methamphetamine. Dr. Moszczynska is a recipient of several awards, including NIH/NIDA Pathway to Independence Award and Academy of Scholars WSU Junior Faculty Award, and NIH/NIDA R01 grant.
Abstract:
In experimental animals and humans, exposure to methamphetamine (METH) can produce a loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) nerve terminal markers in the striatum. Furthermore, young adult chronic users of METH are at risk to develop Parkinson’s disease (PD) later in life. Parkin is an ubiquitin-protein ligase with neuroprotective properties that plays an important role in neuroprotection and maintenance of DA neurons. Our laboratory has investigated the role of parkin in protection of DAergic terminals from METH neurotoxicity and in susceptibility of METH-exposed brain to develop PD in young adult rats. We have shown that high-dose METH oxidatively damages parkin and decreases its levels in rat striatum while overexpression of parkin in the nigrostriatal DA system protects DAergic terminals against METH neurotoxicity. We have subsequently investigated molecular mechanisms underlying the parkin-mediated neuroprotection. Loss-of-function mutations in Park2,a gene encoding the E3 ligase parkin, have been found in patients with familial PD and early onset sporadic PD. A deficit in parkin function also contributes to late onset sporadic PD. Despite intense investigation, the exact role of parkin in the development of PD is still unclear as parkin knockout (PKO) rats and mice do not display DAergic defi cits and progressive nigrostriatal DA neuron degeneration. We have set to test the hypothesis that METH-mediated defi cit in parkin combined with other factor(s) decreasing parkin function potentiates the susceptibility of DA to developing PD. We have found that parkin knockout (PKO) rats are hypersensitive to the neurotoxic eff ects of METH in the striatum and display Parkinsonianlike motor impairments. We have also determined that altered DA and phenylethylamine signaling.
Biography:
Gina Tabrizy is a licensed MFT with over twenty-eight years of extensive experience specializing in addiction, trauma, dissociation, and codependency. She’s the cofounder of Harmony Heals Holistic Counseling Center and the clinical director of Harmony Heals Detox. Gina has appeared on Local and National Television Programs, such as Montel Williams, speaking about the impact of Childhood Trauma/Abuse and Addiction in Families. Gina has also been a guest on several talk radio programs. She has presented at the National Conference on Codependency and given hundreds of Corporate and University lectures. Her specialties include E.M.D.R., Certifi ed Hypnotherapist, Director of Psychodrama, Inner Child Work, and P.I.T. (Pia Mellody Training). She also acts as a part time Professor at Cal State Long Beach.
Abstract:
Trauma can oft en be under-diagnosed and left untreated. Many of the clients coming in to treatment have some traumatic experiences. Complications arise when multiple disorders that are related to or stem from trauma, are left untreated. Trauma symptoms are oft en hidden under the top five parity diagnoses that clients come in for, and their trauma has not been treated. Gaining the knowledge of trauma-related symptoms and diagnoses that are oft en overlooked will better equip the clinician to: work with a more extensive milieu of clients and diagnoses; fi nd the trauma in their clients’ symptoms; treat trauma and see better outcomes in their clients.
This presentation will provide a deeper grasp on the concept and disorder of trauma and how that impacts all other disorders. Learn tools to build a more intimate relationship with clients allowing deeper work. Learn eff ective methods for accessing and promoting the release of the blocked emotions associated with trauma.
Adi Jeffi
University of California, USA
Title: Non-Abstinence AUD Treatment: A Clinical Review of Successful Alcohol Moderation
Biography:
Adi Jaffe received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in 2010. Even before he graduated his name had become known through his online and academic writing. His views on addiction research on the topic have been published in dozens of journals and online publications and he has appeared on several television shows and documentaries discussing current topics in addiction and the problem of addiction as a whole. Most recently Dr. Jaffe had the privilege to speak at a TEDx event hosted by UCLA. His view is a holistic one, drawing from the best and most recent research to bring as complete a solution to addiction clients.
Abstract:
The current trend towards the individualization of mental-, and physical-health, conditions affords clinicians the ability to identify characteristics that may modify a patient’s treatment. This view is supported by the recent release of the DSM-5 and its use of severity rankings for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) diagnosis. This case study focuses on a 29yo male patient with AUD who engaged in five months of outpatient treatment with the reintroduction of alcohol occurring on the sixth month. Data were obtained over the course of 14 months utilizing a range of instruments including mobile breathalyzers, tailored daily mobile questionnaires, and monthly psychological assessments. The patient maintained abstinence from alcohol throughout the initial five-month period, registering no higher than a 0.007 BrAC and testing negative through urinary analysis for both Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and Ethyl Sulfate (EtS), and experienced significant improvement in affect and alcohol dependency measure. Our case study showcases that with appropriate screening, clinical supervision and adherence to treatment procedures, moderate alcohol consumption can be a successful end-goal for the treatment of AUD. The inclusion of moderation treatment goals in AUD treatment may encourage individuals who have been previously resistant to treatment entry to begin engaging with clinicians and seek help.
Biography:
Michael Judd is a Certifi ed Recovery Advisor, Certifi ed Recovery Support Specialist, WRAP Facilitator, CCAR Recovery Coach. Using personal experience and evidence based practices to affect positive changes in those individuals suffering from chemical dependence. A Certifi ed Facilitator offering trainings in evidence based practices such as WRAP, Wraparound, Motivational Interviewing, Recovery Coaching, and Alternatives to Violence.
Abstract:
Addiction is increasingly conceptualized as a chronic disease, yet the current addiction treatment system is largely based upon an acute model. Th is current model consists of costly residential care and is followed by intensive outpatient
programs. Th e model has been eff ective for some but could be more successful with a continual evaluation and modifi cation to an individual’s needs. Due to the high demand for individuals needing treatment, current inpatient and outpatient services aim to develop a one size fits all approach.
This type of approach touches the greatest amount of individuals at the lowest
cost to already strained budgets. Nevertheless, the cost savings is front loaded and short term. Readmission rates, healthcare treatment and judicial costs continue to rise. Th e current treatment model cannot meet the challenges unique to each client. The need for recovery support, relapse prevention, assessing and addressing environmental and social barriers, as well as integration back into the home and the community has been a challenge for traditional treatment methods.
Traditionally, individuals were expected to fi t into routines and practices that treatment providers referred them to.However, recent studies have revealed the eff ectiveness in a new collaborative approach to address these barriers and has
proven to be an eff ective method for addressing each individual’s unique set of challenges. Th is new model off ers higher percentages of long term success, which directly impacts savings to the behavioral health, healthcare and the judicial systems, and is comparative to current treatment costs to the consumer. It also assigns to each client a personal highly specialized multidisciplinary
team made up of a Psychiatrist (MD), a registered nurse (RN), a licensed clinician (LCSW, LMFT), and a certified recovery advisor (CRA) who utilizes life experience. All team members work collaboratively to assess and develop a unique person centered treatment plan that addresses the multi-dimensional needs of the client within their natural environment
Terrence Shulman
The Shulman Center for Compulsive Theft Spending and Hoarding, USA
Title: Bought Out & Spent! Understanding & Treating Compulsive $hopping and $pending
Biography:
Terrence Shulman is a native Detroiter. Mr. Shulman completed his undergraduate degree in English Literature at the University of Michigan in 1987. He graduated from The Detroit College of Law in 1991 and has been an attorney-at-law since 1992 specializing in mental health law and criminal defense work. He returned to and graduated from the University of Michigan in 1997 and has since then been a full-time certifi ed social worker and addictions therapist. He worked as a counselor at a chemical dependency clinic from 1997 – 2004 and was the clinic director from 1998 – 2000. Since 2004, Mr. Shulman has been the Founder/Director of The Shulman Center for Compulsive Theft, Spending and Hoarding in metro-Detroit. He counsels clients in person and by phone from across the U.S. and Canada.
He has authored four recovery books: “Something for Nothing: Shoplifting Addiction and Recovery” (2003), “Biting The Hand That Feeds: The Employee Theft Epidemic” (2005), “Bought Out and $pent! Recovery from Compulsive $hopping and $pending” (2008), and “Cluttered Lives, Empty Souls: Compulsive Stealing, Spending and Hoarding” (2011). Mr. Shulman has organized and presented at many conferences across the U.S. He has also been featured in numerous media interviews including The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2004. Mr. Shulman has been in recovery himself since March 1990 from addictive-compulsive shoplifting and stealing. He is the founder of C.A.S.A. (Cleptomaniacs and Shoplifters Anonymous) which has support groups in the metro-Detroit area and across the U.S.
Abstract:
We all shop for many reasons but the addict buys to relieve anxiety and over time the buying creates a dysfunctional lifestyle and more and more of their focus is on shopping and sometimes the cover-up too. Statistics reveal that approximately 10% of Americans (roughly 30 million people) meet the criteria for a compulsive buying/shopping/spending diagnosis. Other research reveals that the average American is at least $10,000 (ten thousand dollars) in debt and that arguments over money and spending are the leading cause of relationship confl icts and break-ups. People are getting hooked on store shopping, TV
shopping and Internet shopping. There are various patterns of overshopping that people engage in, including:
Compulsive shoppers – shop to distract feelings; “when the going gets tough, the tough go shopping”
Trophy shoppers – fi nd the perfect accessory for outfi ts, etc. High class items will do.
Image shoppers – pick up tab, expensive cars, highly visible stuff
Bargain shoppers – buy stuff they don’t need just because it is a good deal. Out for the hunt.
Codependent shoppers – to gain love and approval
Bulimic Shoppers – buy and return, buy and return (similar to actual bulimia)
Collector Shoppers – have to have complete sets of objects or diff erent colors of same style of clothing
But what causes someone to become a compulsive shopper/spender? And what can be done to treat it?
Paula Strengell
Tampere University School of Medicine, Finland
Title: Substance addicted mothers need multidisciplinary treatment modalities
Biography:
Abstract:
Over half of substance misusing mothers is also suff ering from some other psychiatric disease. Th is important factor should be addressed in treatment settings. In Finland, most pregnant women get into maternity clinic check, but in this patient group it sometimes happens that mothers come to give birth without any former visits to maternity services. Even if this group of patients has some heterogeneity, their social background is usually diffi cult in many respects. Single-parenting, violence, lack of support from owns parents and fi nancial problems are common. Psychiatric diseases encountered in this group are mostly the same as in other patient groups, prevalence of psychosis
is higher, though. Psychiatric and substance use treatment modalities should be combined with social services, supported housing, child protection etc. Most urgent target for treatment is to provide drug free pregnancy. Under suffi cient help most mothers are capable of fostering their own children at least for the fi rst years. Evaluations for pregnant women should include psychiatric assessment and low-threshold services should be provided. In this study sample of 49 pregnant substance abusing mothers attending Addiction Psychiatric Clinic in Tampere, Finland, it came clear that supporting these mothers needs fl uent co-work between social- and health services, reaching out approach and net-working. Off ering care to substance using mothers requires professional, patient-centered attitude to avoid the patient escaping from services in fear of losing the child. Child protection services can be provided in supportive manner.
Pedro Vargas Navarro
Universidad El Bosque, Colombia
Title: Structure and Family Type in Patients With Substance Abuse or Dependence Psychoactive Rehabilitation
Biography:
The findings confirmed what has been mentioned by various authors regar- ding the characteristics of the family typology structure and personal factors in patients with addictions, in addition to their need for affection combined with the desire for the mother’s presence. The family typology does not determine for itself the abuse of psy-choactive substances, but the influence of other factors such as family structure, especially deficient affective interactions, which should be considered in the development of thera- peutic strategies.
Abstract:
To determine the family type, family structure in a group of patients with a dia-gnosis of substance abuse or dependence who were at a rehabilitation center for addiction during the period between August and October 2009. Methods: Through a descriptive qualitative-interpretative methodology 10 patients who met inclusion criteria for substance dependence or abuse were studied. The fieldwork and transcripts were made for three months by non-participant observation, non-structured interviews and examination of patients’ clinical history. Results: Seven of the families interviewed were single-parent families with an unconventio- nal organization on “gender roles”. Single-parent families favored loneliness, difficulty in rule-setting, de-idealization of the place of the father in the family structure and a constant search for complicity. In the analysis by categories, we found that in 10 families in the study of individuals with addictions it is common to find family structure characteristics such as inadequate communication, lack of authority rules and limits, presence of triangulations, the lack of cohesion due to the existence of a disconnected relationship pattern and chan- ged roles compared to conventional gender. The search for the affection of the mother at her emotional overload absence of roles and lack of father, raised by the separation of the couple, was found as an essential aspect underlying the addictive behavior. A pattern of parental abandonment is configured.
Ni Fan
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, China
Title: Serum cytokines levels and their correlations with the psychotic symptoms in chronic ketamine abusers
Biography:
Ni Fan, got her ph.D. from Louisiana State University Health Science Center at 2009 and continued her postdoc training at Yale University School of Medicine from 2009 to 2012. Currently she is the vice director of the neuropsychiatric research institute of Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affi liated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Her research was funded by National Nature Science foundation of China.
Abstract:
Exposing to NMDAR receptor antagonists, ketamine, produces schizophrenia-like symptoms in humans and deteriorates symptoms in schizophrenia patients. Meanwhile, schizophrenia is associated with alterations of cytokines in the immune system. Serum cytokine levels in chronic human ketamine users were measured as compared to healthy subjects. The correlations between the serum cytokines levels with the demographic, ketamine use characteristics and psychiatric symptoms were assessed. Subjects who fulfi lled the criteria of ketamine dependence and healthy control subjects were recruited. Serum cytokine levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Th e psychiatric symptoms of the ketamine abusers were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Serum levels of cytokines were altered in chronic ketamine abusers which may play a role in schizophrenia-like symptoms in chronic ketamine abusers.
Patricia Kelley
TheChangeTeacher.com, USA
Title: How To Thrive BEYOND RECOVERY With Peace, Purpose and Prosperity
Biography:
Patricia M. Kelley is a BIG CHANGES Coach, Speaker, Writer & Change Catalyst. She offers Keynotes and workshops on The Next Big Step; How To Turn Life’s Lessons into Big Money Messages; and StopHealPreventCancer. She brings her own story of being deeply affected by the alcoholism and drug addictions of multiple family members’ into her work. She is a member of Alanon and personally understands the power of the Twelve Steps. Kelley is also Author of the forthcoming book, The Next Big Step: How To Thrive Beyond Recovery With Peace, Purpose and Prosperity. The book will help readers begin to learn important skills and tools that are key to “The Next Big Step,” enabling their positive growth and life “Beyond Recovery!”
Abstract:
What happens once the Twelve Step programs (and other recovery programs) no longer serve the expanding mental, emotional, physical and spiritual needs of recovering addicts/alcoholics to live their most purposeful life? What then? The Next Big Step is for those that have been in active recovery programs for a minimum of one year, recognizing too, that many are not ready for several years. This presentation acknowledges the importance of the Twelve Step programs in helping individuals find sobriety-and for many, to stay clean and sober. The focus of The Next Big Step is on what’s possible beyond Twelve Step recovery and meetings, when the programs no longer offer the deep personal and profound, purposeful growth that an individual is ready for. It does not replace solid recovery programs, but instead, would be considered an adjunct. The Next Big Step is based upon the principles of The Purpose Plan, Kelley’s breakthrough program that guides participants into recognizing the Overarching Purpose and Themes of Purpose of their entire lives, and supports them living a greater life—the life they were born to live. This program helps people discover the “message in their mess”—and how to create a great, thriving life with what they learn. It is meant to facilitate recovering alcoholics and addicts gain insight and clarity, and move forward into a new life of empowered purpose, peace and prosperity. The Purpose Plan program offers significant support to those who may believe they have ruined their lives or lost opportunities for success because of their past. It serves to help a recovering addict/alcoholic excavate their innate greatness, and to convert long held “pain into purpose, mis-takes into re-takes, loss into legacy and mediocre into magnificent.” The science of epigenetics and the power of science supported nutrition are also important key factors in this holistic mind/body/spirit program.
Zohreh Zarnegar
University of Southern California, USA
Title: Outcomes of a neurodevelopmentally based early intervention model with children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Treatment modalities that worked
Biography:
Zohreh Zarnegar, a clinical, neuro-pediatric psychologist, PhD from University of Southern California (USC), completed a NIMH postdoctoral fellowship in Preventive Medicine at USC Medical School. She has received awards for her expertise-services for health promotion, prevention and early intervention, and developing programs focusing on early childhood development, prevention of prenatal exposures to (1) trauma and maltreatment; and (2) drugs, particularly alcohol. She takes her messages around the world through teaching and training of the professionals. She is a Zero to Three Graduate Fellow, Child Trauma Academy Fellow, and director of Children’s Health International (CHI) serving families with young children worldwide.
Abstract:
Background: Abundance of research fi ndings show complex and multilevel developmental delays and retardation of brain developmental systems of (A) regulatory; (B) somatosensory processing; (C) relational and psycho-social; and (D) cortical/ executive functioning, among children diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. However, research on early intervention for young children (infants and toddlers) with FASD is limited.
Objective: To explore outcomes of a neurodevelopmentally based early intervention model with a group of young children
with FASD and their adoptive caregivers, respectively.
Methods: Using a neurodevelopmentally based intervention protocol, young children with FASD and their adoptive caregivers in the study received mental health interventions, individualized according to the pre-test results of the measured brain developmental systems (A, B, C, and D). Pre-post evaluation methods were applied to measure changes on these brain developmental systems for the young children, and parenting styles, behaviors and concerns for the adoptive parents.
Results: Th e results showed substantial developmental improvements for the young children in the study on various developmental systems of A, B, C, and D, and positive improvements for their adoptive parents on all the measured domains.
Conclusion: Outcomes of this study shows (a) positive outcomes of a neurodevelopmentally based early intervention model with young children with FASD; (b) importance of early intervention on developing brain; (c) the importance of direct and full inclusion of the primary caregivers during the intervention process; (d) signifi cant impacts of parenting education on the child’s outcome; and (e) the importance of inter-disciplinary integrated care for the families of young children with FASD.
Stephen R Sroka
Western Reserve University, USA
Title: The new Rx for addiction: relationships-the power of one to make a difference
Biography:
Stephen Sroka is an internationally recognized speaker, trainer, author, teacher and educational consultant on drug education and prevention.
He is an Adjunct Assistant Professor, School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Case Western Reserve University, and President of his company, Health Education Consultants. Dr. Sroka speaks in schools (K-college) and professional conferences around the world and often on Native American reservations.
He keynoted the First International Swine Flu Conference in Washington, DC, which was featured live on C-SPAN. She spirited presentations stressing the Power of One have resulted in guest appearances on many TV programs, including the Oprah Winfrey Show, as well as coverage in many newspapers including USA Today.
He received the Outstanding School Health Educator Award from the American School Health Association, was selected the Disney Outstanding Health Teacher of the Year, and was inducted into the National Teachers Hall of Fame.
Abstract:
This is a high-energy, motivational, multimedia presentation that is research-driven and reality-based. It integrates cutting-edge research and humor and inspiring real-life stories to facilitate learning about the importance of
relationships and addiction research and therapy. Th e program is fi lled with ”tips from the trenches”, practical strategies, to help addiction professionals help keep people safe and healthy so that they can live drug free.
This session addresses the four challenges of building relationships: communication, collaboration, culture competency,
and caring. It explores the role of social-emotional learning, mental health, the whole person concept, and teambuilding. It off ers honesty, humor and hope that everyone can make a diff erence.
The addiction professionals will leave with an unforgettable message fi lled with an incredible sense of hope and joy that
with education, helping one another and believing in yourself, you can change lives.
Change is inevitable, growth is optional. You have the to change the future. Let’s start today!
Teens and Heroin: Workshop Description
The U. S. Attorney General has called the rise in overdose deaths from heroin and prescription painkillers an “urgent
public health crisis.” According to the CDC, one in fi ve high school students has taken prescription drugs without a doctor’s prescription. And heroin abusers oft en report that their foray into heroin began with prescription drug abuse. Despite what people think, heroin is an equal opportunity destroyer. Addiction to heroin and other opiates (such as oxycodone, Oxycotin,Percocet and Vicodin) impacts Americans in urban cities, the suburbs and rural areas in every state. Heroin overdose deaths quadrupled from 2002 to 2013 in the US.
Many people hold a misconception that drug dependence is a voluntary behavior and moral failure. However, addiction is actually a complex medical issue, not a moral issue. In fact, addiction is a brain disease that can be diagnosed and treated, and treatment makes a diff erence.
Prevention begins with education. Professionals must become informed and then teach teens about the devastating eff ects
of prescription drugs and heroin. As children grow, turn “Just Say NO” into “Just say KNOW.” At my education programs, the
most frequently asked question is, “What can I do to protect our young? Here are 7 tips.
- Alcohol Addiction
Session Introduction
Akalewerk Delelegn Wegayehu
Universal University College, Ethiopia
Title: Factors associated with alcohol use among youths in Addis Ababa
Biography:
Akalewerk Delelegn Wegayehu has completed his BSc. in Clinical Nursing at age of 25 at Universal University College. He is now assistance instructor and
academic program Offi cer in Universal University College. He has published three papers in local and international journals.
Abstract:
Background: Alcohol consumption at a young age increases the risk of developing alcohol related problems later in life, poor
academic performance and increased risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases or other psychiatric
disorders such as lethargy, hopelessness and insomnia.
Methods: Health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa Ethiopia from January 15 – March 20,
2012. A sample size of 410 was calculated by Epi-info stat calc and stratifi ed sampling technique was used. Multivariate logistic
regression and Cox regression was used to assess the degree of association between dependent and independent variables.
Results: A total of 148 (36.5%) youths were found to be alcohol users and 104 (25.7%) of them were HIV positive. Alcohol
use was positively associated with being male [OR & (95%CI) = 1.989(1.061, 3.728) ], khat use [OR & (95%CI) = 5.551(3.016,
10.216) ], not having comprehensive knowledge on HIV [OR & (95%CI) = 1.899 (1.024, 3.520)], HIV positive status [OR &
(95%CI) = 5.645(2.854, 11.165) ], being merchant [OR & (95%CI) =10.254(2.366, 24.446) ] and student [OR & (95%CI) =
4.045(1.473, 11.108) ]. Initiation of alcohol use before 18 years was also positively associated with not having comprehensive
knowledge on HIV [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 1.914(1.091, 2.550)], khat use [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 3.050 (2.007, 4.636)], watching
sexual fi lms [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 1.892 (1.032, 3.296) ] living apart from parents [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 2.315 (1.176, 4.558)]
having -monthly income of <= $ 25 [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 3.187 (1.854, 5.480)] and $ 25.1 - $ 55.5[Adj. HR & (95%CI) =
1.951(1.010, 3.771) ]
David McCauley
Oak valley Foundation, USA
Title: Approaches for addiction treatment: The freedom of choice today
Biography:
David E. McCauley is the Author of Addiction to Recovery / Unlocking your Potential.This book has been featured on TV Healthy Lifestyles with Eraldo. David began working in the fi eld of substance use disorders in 1991. Working in St. Clair's Hospital detox unit while studying at Rutgers University and earning his certifi cation in alcohol and drug counseling as well as becom-ing a certifi ed social worker. He later moved on to an outpatient facility then worked with the Division of Youth and Family Services before opening his own outpatient program (Life Skills Counseling in 1998. In recovery since 1989 David brings in the accumulation of existential reali-zation, many resources, years in recovery, education, insights and years working in the fi eld, with all adepts in the goal of personal transformation from addiction to recovery. An integrated approach to living in wellness of recovery by reframing the process in such a way that the right interpretation by the individual will help recovery click into place. Currently working on forth-coming book, Recovery: What Cost so Little is Worth so Much. This book will provide a new optimistic outlook as a guide for the unwary who have failed at recovery in the past and those coming into recovery for the fi rst time.
Abstract:
With the freedom of choice today we must look at all approaches for Addiction Treatment for the individual. Th e models include; Twelve-Step programs, Smart Recovery, Motivational Th erapy, Holistic Approach, Religious Approach, RationalRecovery, One-on-One Counseling Approach, and individuals who stop on their own, who have great insight to off er. What we
need to celebrate is the self-discovery of the individual, with that in mind we must look at always in which an individual can be relieved of a lifestyle of addiction. Th is presentation will also include an introduction to the insight of the book Addiction to Recovery / Unlocking your Potential this book is a doorway that leaves an open mind to a higher more integrated way of living.
With the concept that all change starts in the mind, in order to have a breakthrough in recovery, it requires a shift of awareness and consciousness in the individual- a shift in how we deal with our problems. All answers lie in the discovery of our inner freedom, with the freedom of choice the individual will have many reasons to feel optimistic about their life and their future. Addiction to Recovery is a book of knowledge about life in recovery. Bringing the mind, body, soul and self together as one in order to have a breakthrough in recovery. In recovery the individual must heal what is broken, one must start with the inner core of their being. Our answers to many questions of life lie in our soul, buried under the wounds of our past and present. They must be revealed and understood, and learn from released and “let go of for good.” One must rise from the unconscious addictive thinking into conscious thinking, where recovery is given meaning and purpose, thus enhancing the individuals life. It is in essential key to happiness, inner peace and freedom in recovery.
Biography:
Peuschel has studied medicine and molecular biology at the University of Zurich, as well as psychiatry and psychotherapy at the University of Lausanne. She has
completed her MD from the University of Zurich, has worked in research in molecular biology at the University of Zurich and has obtained federal diplomas in general
medicine as well as in psychiatry and psychotherapy. She is currently head of department at the Meissenberg Clinic in Zug, Switzerland. She has published 7 papers
indexed in PubMed, she has been presenting her work at various conferences, and has been invited to conferences in Europe, the US, China, Japan, Thailand, India
and the United Arab Emirates.
Abstract:
Psychotherapy of unresolved emotional confl icts may be used to effi ciently treat dissociative disorder. Th is is based on the
assumption that dissociation is caused by severe confl icts with perpetrators and that resolution of confl icts may alleviate
symptoms. Confl icts with perpetrators as well as with passive participants are treated equally, starting with the more severe
confl icts with perpetrators, since they appear to be related to the most severe symptoms. Dissociative disorder may be present
in addiction and may be suspected in patients consuming heavier drugs, especially heroine or methadone. Dissociative
disorder in addiction may be more psycho form and therefore much less obvious to diagnose than somatoform dissociation,
but can be diagnosed with tests of dissociation like the DES, the S.D.Q.-20, and the SCID-D. Patients with addiction have been
treated with psychotherapy of unresolved emotional confl icts controlling the success of psychotherapy via the disappearance of
dissociative personalities in a safe place scenario, as well as through monitoring of reduced psychiatric symptoms and auditive
hallucinations, sometimes manifesting up to several weeks aft er a psychotherapy session. Additive hallucinations were related
to specifi c dissociative or so-called emotional personalities. Negative emotions linked to specifi c dissociative personalities may
be creating a constant urge to the continued use of drugs in addiction.
Young S Lee
Manchester University, USA
Title: A mathematical modeling approach to the dynamics of gambling
Biography:
Young Lee completed multiple advanced degrees including her Doctorate of Philosophy in mathematics at University of Wisconsin – Madison. Her research interests
are mathematical biology, scientifi c computation and computer system performance. She has published papers on infectious diseases and socioeconomic dynamics
such as Ebola, H. pylori, juvenile crimes, and gambling using epidemiological models and stability analysis, also on numerical analysis of fi nite difference schemes,
perturbations and fi xed point theory in differential equations. Her models are often discussed both analytically and numerically. She has also worked on queuing
network modeling and simulation and global memory systems in a network of workstations. She has taught mathematics and computer science at Manchester
University since 1998.
Abstract:
We take a mathematical modeling approach to the gambling epidemiology. Two deterministic models with ordinary
diff erential equations are created to study the dynamics of gambling: one is for older adults aged 65-80 with four
compartments; the other population is youth ages 16-24 composed of three classes. Th e models seek to examine dynamics of
the system through stability analysis and a basic reproductive number. A sociological term for a basic reproductive number is
a tipping point because it provides a point at which a stable system turns to an unstable one or vise versa, which is a threshold
condition. All parameters are approximated, and numerical simulations are also explored. Analyses indicate that problem
gambling is present in an endemic state among both older adults and young adults. One of the main goals for the young
adult model is to see how prevalence rates of at-risk gambling and problem gambling change as adolescents enter into young
adulthood. Th e parameters to which the system is most sensitive are identifi ed and are translated to primary prevention for
both models. Prevention and control strategies are discussed: school education on gambling addiction should be off ered for
young adults; a self-exclusion program for older adults, which is used to intervene problem gamblers or pathological gamblers
by allowing them to voluntarily exclude from gambling establishments, should be extended to those who are identifi ed as
potential excessive gamblers. Although research has been active on gambling, this is the fi rst mathematical modeling approach
to study the dynamics of gambling
Steven Crain
Pondera Pharmaceuticals, USA
Title: Novel methods that restore balance in the endogenous opioid system reduce drug dependence and tolerance
Biography:
Steven Crain completed his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Duke University in 1980. Since then he has treated thousands of patients with addictions, anxiety, and depression as Clinical Director of Penn State University’s Center for Counseling and Psychological Services and at Therapeutic Alliance, a community-based mental health center he established in 1982. In 2009, Dr. Crain co-founded Pondera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. a company dedicated to the development and marketing of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals for the treatment of addictions, anxiety, and depression. Dr. Crain has co-authored several articles, which summarize their research and innovative treatments, and has been awarded several patents. Matthew Crain is completing his honors thesis in Biology at Duke University on the “Impact of early life stress on neural network dysregulation and depression.” He has been a research assistant at Pondera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. since 2009 where he has collaborated on research on innovative methods to treat anxiety, depression, and addictions. He is co-author of a 2013 JBBS paper on “Emotional and physical distress relief using a novel endorphinergic formulation.”
Stanley M. Crain completed his Ph.D. in Biophysics from Columbia University in 1954. Dr. Crain is a world-renowned expert in opioid addiction with over 100
publications cited in PubMed and numerous honors and awards. Dr. Crain’s 30+ years of preclinical electrophysiological nerve tissue culture studies led to his
discovery of the imbalances in the endogenous opioid system created by exposure to opioid drugs, which are responsible for the development of tolerance and dependence. Dr. Crain’s research also led to the discovery of simple methods to restore balance to the endogenous opioid system, thereby reducing tolerance and dependence. Dr. Crain has been awarded numerous patents. Pain Therapeutics, Inc. and Pondera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. were both founded to translate Dr. Crain’s groundbreaking discoveries into safe and effective treatments for addictions and anxiety.
Abstract:
Through more than three decades of preclinical and clinical research, our team has discovered that imbalances in the endogenous opioid system created by exposure to opioid and other drugs are responsible, at least in part, for the development of drug tolerance, dependence, and addiction. Specifi cally, even short-term use of these drugs can produce excessive excitatory opioid receptor signaling as well as diminished endorphin production, as initially revealed in our electrophysiological nerve tissue culture studies. Moreover, our research has led to the discovery of simple methods to restore balance to the endogenous
opioid system, thereby reducing drug tolerance and dependence. We have extensive evidence that the addition of ultralow- dose naltrexone (ULDN) dramatically reduces tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and other noxious side eff ects of opioid drugs, including an FDA Phase III trial of 700+ lower-back pain patients. More recent research has found that specific nutraceuticals, such as n-acetyl cysteine, can reduce excessive excitatory opioid receptor signaling, which when combined with endorphin enhancers, such as caff eine, eff ectively reduce cravings for drugs and alcohol as well as food. In addition, these novel endorphinergic nutraceutical formulations provide remarkable relief from emotional and physical distress, including anxiety, obsessions, and compulsions. We also have had extensive experience with the challenges of the drug approval process in the U.S. including working with the FDA, NIDA, and pharmaceutical companies, as well as the potential advantages of translating pharmaceutical discoveries to nutraceutical formulations, which do not require FDA approval.
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt
Central Michigan University, USA
Title: Mechanisms of pain and opioid pharmacology
Biography:
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt is a resident psychiatrist at Central Michigan University, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, MI, USA. Thersilla got her medical degree from the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel, Germany and did her 4th Year medical training at Yale University, School of Medicine in New Haven, CT, USA. She received her PhD in Neuroscience from the Christian Albrechts- University in Kiel, Germany. Her thesis was on Phenazone in the treatment of the acute migraine attack. Cephalalgia. Effi cacy of phenazone in the treatment of acute migraine attacks: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.
Abstract:
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a very common consequence of pain management with opioids. Characteristics of OIH are worsening pain over time despite an increased dose of the opioid. It is oft en recognized neither by the physician nor the patient, and it results in increasing doses of opioid medications and continued unsatisfying pain levels experienced by the patient. Th e increased use of narcotics has a negative impact on patient outcome, as patients suff er from increased pain levels and oft en develop depression. Patients with OIH require frequent assessment for aberrant behaviors as an indicator of addictive use. Opioid-seeking behavior may complicate the clinical picture of failed opioid therapy. Th e treatment of OIH is to discontinue the opioid medication and to treat the patient’s withdrawal symptoms, if necessary, in an inpatient setting with
medical monitoring.
Alaaeldin A Elkoussi
University of Assiut, Egypt
Title: Solvent inhalants remarkably alter brain neurotransmitter
Biography:
Elkoussi is a professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology in Assiut College of Medicine. He obtained his PhD in 1972 and in 1982 and 1984 was granted postdoctoral
fellowships in the University of Florida College of Pharmacy. From 1990 to 1994 he worked as a Senior Research Scientist in the Center for Drug Design and
Delivery and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Florida and also worked as pharmacologist and as a regulatory affairs manager in pharmaceutical research
companies in USA and Egypt. In 2002 Prof. Elkoussi obtained a Hubert Humphrey Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University.
He published over 50 manuscripts in international journals and presented several lectures and research work in many international conferences and supervised
several Masters and PhD theses in experimental and clinical pharmacology and toxicology.
Prof. Elkoussi main areas of interest includes: drug abuse, drug design &delivery, drug interactions, biological evaluation of drug activity, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacotherapy, pharmacovigilance as well as phytotherapy.
For the last 2 decades; Prof. Elkoussi has conducted and supervised several research studies and projects on the topic of solvent inhalant abuse; causes, patterns
and signifi cance in different countries.
Abstract:
Solvent inhalant abuse is widely spread allover the world; especially among adolescents. Solvent inhalants were found to be
highly toxic and extremely deleterious to the addicts' health and societies. Numerous studies were undertaken to investigate
the neurophysiologic and biochemical mechanisms through which these substances produce their toxicity. Th is study was
devoted to investigate the eff ect of Toluene on brain neurotransmitters aft er its single and repeated inhalation in rats.
Levels of Glutamate, GABA, dopamine and 5 HT were measured in rat's brain homogenate aft er single and repeated daily
inhalation of Toluene in 2 concentrations.
Results revealed that Toluene signifi cantly (P<0.01) increase the level of glutamate of in rat's brain in a concentrationdependent
manner. Besides, single and repeated daily inhalation of the two concentrations of Toluene signifi cantly decreased
GABA level in rat's brain. Single inhalation of Toluene also increased 5-HT level in rat brain, but this increase was insignifi cant
compared to the control group. However, repeated daily inhalation of the two concentrations of Toluene in both concentrations
signifi cantly increased 5-HT level in rat brain. Both single and repeated daily inhalation of the two concentrations of Toluene
also signifi cantly increased dopamine level in rat’s brain.
Th erefore, single and daily repeated Toluene inhalation signifi cantly alter levels of brain neurotransmitters. Toluene
increases levels of glutamate; the "excitatory" neurotransmitter; and decreases levels of GABA; the "inhibitory" neurotransmitter.
Toluene single and repeated daily inhalation increases 5-HT and dopamine levels in rat’s brain. Th ese results could explain the
various behavioral changes induced by inhalation of this toxic solvent inhalant.
Nasim Vousooghi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: Adulthood paternal and/or maternal exposure to morphine affects memory and drug reinforcing effects in male rat offspring
Biography:
Nasim Vousooghi became Pharm. D. At the age of 26 and completed her PhD of pharmacology at the age of 33 years from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences. She is working as assistant professor and director of research deputy in the department of neuroscience and addiction studies in Tehran University of
Medical Sciences from 2010 till now. She is also the head of genetics laboratory of the Iranian National Center for addiction studies (INCAS). She has published
more than 20 papers in prestigious journals.
Abstract:
Drug addiction is a multifactorial disorder and is aff ected by genetics, environment, and developmental issues. It has
been shown that epigenetics is critically involved in the addiction process and memory formation in the brain. We have
evaluated passive avoidance memory and morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) in the male off spring of male and/or
female rats with a history of morphine exposure in the adulthood. Adult male and female animals consumed oral morphine
for 3 weeks and then were kept drug free for 10 days. Aft er that, animals were let to mate with either a control or an abstinent
rat. Memory of male off spring was assessed by step through test, and morphine reinforcement was tested with CCP method.
Off spring of morphine exposed parents showed considerable memory defi cit in comparison to the control group which was
more noticeable in the progeny of abstinent mothers. Data of CPP indicated that injection of 7.5 mg/kg morphine that could
meaningfully induce CPP in control rats was not effi cient to cause CPP in the off spring of abstinent rats. While these animals
were conditioned with a greater dose of morphine (10 mg/kg), but, tolerance to the reinforcing eff ects of morphine was more
in the progeny of abstinent mothers compared to the off spring of abstinent fathers. It is concluded that parental morphine
exposure in adulthood even before mating has damaging eff ects on memory of the male progeny and may result in tolerance
to the morphine reinforcing eff ects. Th ese eff ects are more prominent when the morphine exposed parent is the female animal.
Angela D-B Reed
Turning point, INC., USA
Title: TPI goes beyond providing culturally competent to culturally specific
Biography:
Her experience includes working with local and national organizations and institutions as a capacity building assistance provider on Behalf of the Center of
Disease Control (CDC). In this role she assisted individuals, communities, initiatives, and organizations in the development of strategies that foster change, assist in
reaching organizational goals, and address risk determinants.
She has traveled throughout the country teaching interventions that foster behavior change. She provides expertise on logic modeling and program creation.
She work as coordinator with the National Black Alcoholism and Addictions Council with the creation and implementation of national programs with the goal of
establishing support, education, and trainings in order to create change in communities throughout the nation.
She also work with the local culturally specifi c drug rehabilitation clinic Turning Point Inc. as the director of there culturally specifi c support services division in
Minneapolis, MN establishing and maintaining the programing needed to assist individuals in meeting their risk factors and help them establish holistic lifelong goals
for participants, their families and the community.
Abstract:
Presentation of the research fi ndings of a 2015 report linking culturally specifi c programing and practices to research and
theory, created by University of Minnesota’s Program in Health Disparities Research researchers and made possible through
funding by the offi ce for Business and Community Economic Development, Community Health Initiative (CHI).
Th is report is a product of the research partnership between Turning Point, Inc., the University of Minnesota Program
in Health Disparities Research, and the Offi ce for Business and Community Economic Development. Funding was provided
by Medical and the Community Health Initiative. Th e report serves to link existing culturally specifi c practices to published
literature, widely studied theories and models, and specifi c cultural values.
Founded in 1976, Turning Point is a multi-service non-profi t organization whose programs have earned local and national
recognition for being among the fi rst to advance a culturally-specifi c treatment model. Turning Point’s recovery-oriented
system of care provides culturally specifi c and individually tailored approach to service delivery.
Today’s social environment, and the challenges African Americans face, warrant use and revitalization of cultural strengths.
Problems such as drug and alcohol addiction, HIV/AIDS, health disparities, high rates of incarceration, unemployment, and
poverty are severe and complex. In order to provide eff ective services, providers must understand the importance and delivery
of culturally specifi c services and care.
Brian Edward Bride
Georgia State University, USA
Title: Healthcare utilization savings following private residential treatment for substance abuse and mental health disorders
Biography:
Brian Bride is Professor and Director of the School of Social Work at Georgia State University. His research and teaching interests are in the areas of behavioral health care, primary and secondary traumatic stress, health services research, HIV/AIDS, and workforce well-being. Dr. Bride’s work has appeared in leading journals such as Social Work, Social Work Research, Research on Social Work Practice, Health & Social Work, Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Use & Misuse, and Drug and Alcohol Dependence. He has received funding support from the National Institutes of Health, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, the Health Resources and Services Administration, and the Children’s Bureau. Dr. Bride is the developer of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale and has received a number of honors as a result of his research on secondary traumatic stress, including the Creative Research Medal from the University of Georgia, was named a Distinguished Scholar by the Center for Social Research at the University at Buffalo, and had an article identifi ed in the British Journal of Social Work as the sixth most infl uential social work article in the prior decade. Dr. Bride currently serves as Editor-in-Chief of Traumatology: An
International Journal, published by the American Psychological Association. He received his M.S.W. from Florida State University, his M.P.H. from Harvard School of Public Health, and his Ph.D. from the University of Georgia.Brian Bride is Professor and Director of the School of Social Work at Georgia State University. His research and teaching interests are in the areas of behavioral
health care, primary and secondary traumatic stress, health services research, HIV/AIDS, and workforce well-being. Dr. Bride’s work has appeared in leading
journals such as Social Work, Social Work Research, Research on Social Work Practice, Health & Social Work, Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Use & Misuse, and Drug and Alcohol Dependence. He has received funding support from the National Institutes of Health, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, the Health Resources and Services Administration, and the Children’s Bureau. Dr. Bride is the developer of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale and has received a number of honors as a result of his research on secondary traumatic stress, including the Creative Research Medal from the University of Georgia, was named a Distinguished Scholar by the Center for Social Research at the University at Buffalo, and had an article identifi ed in the British Journal of Social Work as the sixth most infl uential social work article in the prior decade. Dr. Bride currently serves as Editor-in-Chief of Traumatology: An International Journal, published by the American Psychological Association. He received his M.S.W. from Florida State University, his M.P.H. from Harvard School of Public Health, and his Ph.D. from the University of Georgia.
Abstract:
Health care costs associated with individuals who abuse drugs and alcohol are higher than those for the general populations. Of the $216 billion dollars paid by federal and state government for health care costs for persons abusing alcohol, drug and tobacco 98% represents medical consequences of substance abuse and only 2% represents direct spending for substance abuse treatment (National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, 2009). Chronic drug users utilize 30% more emergency healthcare services than the general population (McGeary & French 2000). Opiate users often receive care in emergency rooms, one of the most expensive points of entry to the healthcare system (Shanahan, Beers, Alford, Brigandi, & Samet, 2010). Th e risks of inpatient care and ER visits in bipolar patients are associated with key co-morbidities including substance abuse (Guo, Keck, Li, Jang and Kelton, 2008). Individuals who abuse drugs and alcohol have higher rates of mental and physical illnesses and use more expensive forms of acute care Clark, O’Connell and Samnaliev, 2010).
Methods: This study examined the pre and post treatment health care utilization patters of individuals receiving private, residential substance abuse and mental health treatment using questions from the Treatment Service Review (McLellan, Alterman, Cacciloa, Metzger and O’Brien, 1992). Patients reported hospital admissions and emergency room visit frequency for medical, mental health and substance abuse issues at intake and again at six and twelve months post discharge. Costs of ER visits and overnight stays were estimated (CDC, 2012; Oh, 2012) and savings relative to pretreatment were calculated.
Results: Greater than 65% of the population responded to the survey and signifi cant savings were noted for the entire responding population including patients who reported relapse.
Conclusions: Attending treatment to address substance abuse and mental health issues can play a signifi cant role in reducing the use of expensive acute care such as ER visits as well as reduce the number of overnight stays in hospitals.
Zelalem Ayele
Gonder University, Ethiopia
Title: The effect of acute exposure to crude khat extract on schizophrenia in mice using multiple t- maze test
Biography:
Zelalem Mekonnen Ayele has completed his MPH (Master of public health) from Gonder University. He is now working in MSF_H as Healthcare researcher and
epidemiologist. He has published three research papers.
Abstract:
Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder which is characterized by the inability to separate reality from non reality. Symptoms
may include delusions, hallucinations or disorganized thinking. Cognitive dysfunction is considered a core defi cit of
schizophrenia. Khat (Catha edulis F.) is an evergreen tree that belongs to celestraceae family. It is claimed to have schizophrenic
like eff ect. Th e aim of this study was to investigate the potential schizophrenic inducing eff ect of acute administration of crude
khat extract in mice. Crude khat extract obtained using a mixture of chloroform and diethyl ether (1:3) was administered orally
in doses of 100, 200, 300 mg/kg, the negative and positive control groups were administered with Tween 80 2% v/v in water and
ketamine 10 mg/kg respectively. Multiple T-maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function and the latency to reach the
goal box was determined. Th e results collectively indicate acute administration of khat extract at the doses used did not have a
signifi cant cognitive eff ect in MTM test.
Biography:
He completed bachelor degree in nurse on 2008, Japan. He had experience in Mental Health Hospital from 2008 - 2011. He got Scholarship as volunteer for health promotion in South Africa from 2011 - 2013. He worked for Japan government as a public health nurse from 2013 – 2015. Right now I am a master student of Addiction Studies Program, ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University. His research fi eld is the area of prevention and treatment in Addiction. I am interesting in research about drug and alcohol addiction.
Abstract:
There have been huge concerns that a growing number of children are aff ected by parental substance misuse, and policy and practice increasingly recognize the need to tackle the problems that causes children of substance misusers are at risk from emotional and physical neglect, and of developing serious emotional and social problems themselves later in life. In the previous researches, adversity and stress can come in the shape of family or relationship problems, health problems, or workplace and fi nancial worries, among others and a review of the literature on resilience provides guidelines for minimizing
risks and promoting positive outcomes for children and youths. Th erefore, research and practice have been focusing more and more on ‘resilience’, those aspects of the child’s life, relationships and choices that protect them against risk. Thus, the aim of this research is to examine the characteristics of child resilience related to family substance misuse to contribute toward buffering the risk of children living in the adversity family. The results recommend the relationship among family members will help to build and strengthen the capacity of resilience among the children of addicted parents. In addition benefi cial of understanding and useful theoretical context of child resilience
will help to clarify the resilience strategy and construct the ideal and appropriate support system for the health and wellbeing of children, their family and community as well even for the practitioners who are striving to seek for the benefi t of them in various organizations.
Adeela saba
Global welfare organization, Pakistan
Title: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers
Biography:
Adeela Saba has completed advance Diploma in Clinical Psychology from University of Sargodha, Pakistan. She is working as Psychologist at Global Welfare Organization, Pakistan.
Abstract:
The present study explored the effi cacy of Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique
(EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers. It was hypothesized that Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy
(REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) are likely to be more eff ective for dealing craving then Rational Emotive
Behavior Th erapy (REBT). Repeated measure research design was employed and non probability purposive sampling was
used to draw a sample of 20 patients who had undergone treatment for substance used disorder from addiction wards, Punjab
Institute of Mental health (PIMH) and Fountain House, Lahore. Demographic Information Sheet, History take examination
and Brief Substance Craving scale (BSCS) were used to assess demographic information, history of patients related to drug
abuse and craving level (before and aft er the treatment). T test indicated that REBT with EFT is more eff ective for dealing
craving than REBT. Th e present study contributes for the importance of eclectic approach in the treatment through this
approach patients gain help for controlling craving issue not only for physical craving as well as psychological craving with
very short of time
Hadis yousef
Mohaghegh Ardebili University, Iran
Title: The effect of self-control training on alexithymia and tempting ideas in drug-dependent patients
Biography:
Hadis Yousefi has completed her master degree at the age of 26 years from Mohaghegh Ardebili University in Iran. She is working and do research in the fi eld of addiction for more than years. She already works in "Salamat" addiction remedy center in Iran.
Abstract:
The aim of the present paper is to study the eff ectiveness of self-control training on alexithymia and tempting ideas in drugdependent
patients. Method: this research is performed using pretesting and post testing plan with control group. Th e
statistical society in this research constitutes all addicted male individuals who voluntarily visited a detoxifi cation centers in
Tehran in 2013. Th e research sample includes 50 addicted men who were chosen by clinical randomly assigned into the two
“test” and “control” groups. Th e test group received self-control training for 10 sessions of 45 minutes. To collect the data, we
used the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (short version), Toronto Alexithymia Scale, scale tempting ideas, and morphine
test. Results: the results of the monotype variance analysis (MANOVA) showed that self-control training has been eff ective
on emotional well-being of individuals who are dependent on drugs. Discussion: emotional problems are among the most
signifi cant factors involved in drug-addiction; drug abusers have considerable problems in regulating and managing their
emotions. Self-control skills and the ability to manage one’s emotions can help people, in situations with high risk of substance
abuse, to acquire coping strategies, to better withstand the unwanted pressure from their friends, and to control their own
emotions more eff ectively, all resulting in demonstrating a higher resistance to drug consumption.
Tracy L Hellem
University of Utah’s College of Nursing, USA
Title: What does the hamilton depression rating scale measure in methamphetamine users
Biography:
WK Tang was appointed to professor in the Department of Psychiatry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 2011. Professor Tang completed his medical
training at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He joined the Chinese University of Hong Kong as an academic staff since 1999. His main research area is
Neuropsychiatry in Stroke. Professor Tang has published over 100 papers in renowned journals, and has also contributed to the peer review of 40 journals. He has
secured over 20 major competitive research grants. He has served the editorial boards of fi ve scientifi c journals. He was also a recipient of the Young Researcher
Award in 2007, awarded by the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Abstract:
Main outcome measures: Psychiatric assessments included screening with self-rating questionnaires and face-to-face
interviews. All of the participants completed a detailed cognitive battery that covered general intelligence, verbal and visual
memory, executive functions, motor speed and language. All of the participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging of
the brain.
Results: Many of the participants in the ketamine group also frequently used cocaine and cannabis. Among the ketamine
users, 12.6% were diagnosed with a mood disorder and 8.9% with an anxiety disorder. Th e participants in the ketamine group
had worse performance than the healthy controls on tests of general intelligence, verbal, visual and working memory and
executive functioning.
In terms of grey matter volumes, the right orbitofrontal cortex, right medial prefrontal cortex, left and right hippocampus
and possibly the left orbitofrontal cortex were smaller in the ketamine group. In contrast, the volumes of the left basal ganglia,
left putamen and possibly the left caudate were higher in the ketamine group. In terms of white matter volumes, the ketamine
group had a lower periventricular white matter volume in the right hemisphere. Th e grey matter volumes of the left and right
orbitofrontal cortex, right medial prefrontal cortex, left basal ganglia and left putamen, and right periventricular white matter
volume were negatively correlated with the severity of ketamine dependence. Th e hippocampal volumes were correlated with
performance on the arithmetic, information and digit span tests. Th e periventricular white matter volume also correlated with
the information score.
A functional connectivity examination of the default mode network revealed signifi cantly decreased connectivity in the
medial part of the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, bilateral gyrus rectus, left superior temporal pole,
left inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral angular gyrus and bilateral cerebellum crus II in the ketamine group. Th is group also
displayed increased connectivity in the bilateral precuneus and right inferior occipital gyrus.
Biography:
Namita Singh now working as Scientist ‘E’ at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Delhi. She earned her MBBS degree from Lady Hardinge
Medical College, Delhi University, India in 1990. She has done her MD in Radio-diagnosis from Delhi University in 1999. She had served with Indian Army Medical
Corps from 1992 to 2002 and joined INMAS in 2004 where she is working in the NMR Department housing a 3T MRI from Siemens (Skyra). Her current interest
involves studying cognitive impairment in alcoholic subjects, HIV positive subjects using advanced MR imaging t.echniques. She has also conducted research on
spinal tuberculosis using DTI.
Abstract:
Chronic alcohol abuse is characterized by impaired cognitive abilities with a more severe defi cit in visual than in verbal
function.
Using DTI we found evidence of microstructural defi cits in abstinent alcoholic men in white matter tracts of the right
hemisphere. We found inverse correlation of FA with memory dysfunction scores in white matter tracts associated with reward
circuitry suggesting that white matter defi cit could contribute to memory decline in chronic alcoholics.
Neuropsychological tests to assess visual processing skills and defi cits were correlated with Fractional Anisotropy and
Mean Diff usivity in the inferior and superior fronto-occipital fasciculus. We found reduced FA and increased MD in these
tracts. FA showed an inverse correlation while MD showed a direct correlation with neuropsychological tests.
Further spectroscopy studies at our centre also showed a signifi cant increase in Cho/Cr and myo-inositol /creatine ratios
while NAA/Cr and Glutamate-Glutamine/Creatine were signifi cantly decreased. Th e results suggest that metabolic alterations
in the primary visual cortex may contribute to neuropsychological impairment in visual information processing.
Biography:
Tracy L Hellem completed the PhD program at the University of Utah’s College of Nursing in 2015. She has worked with methamphetamine users with comorbid
depression for 5 years. She has authored 14 manuscripts of systematic reviews, clinical trials and magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. Dr. Hellem is an
Assistant Professor at Montana State University’s College of Nursing where she conducts a clinical trial of comorbid depression and anxiety among individuals
who use methamphetamine.
Abstract:
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) is widely used in studies to measure change in the severity of depression.
Th ere are reports of established reliability and validity of the HAMD in both inpatient and outpatient psychiatric patients.
However, there are no published psychometric studies of the HAMD in a methamphetamine using population. Given that
the symptoms of depression and intoxication or withdrawal from methamphetamine overlap, it is possible that the HAMD
does not measure severity of depression in individuals who use methamphetamine. Th us, we are conducting a psychometric
evaluation of the HAMD in methamphetamine users with and without depression. Th is evaluation is currently underway, and
we anticipate having results in 6-8 weeks.
Biography:
Elham Davaridolatabadi completed her Msc Of critical care nursing from Iran. She is a teacher at Islamic Azad University in Iran and Active member of the Research
Centre on Aging. She is also is conducting several clinical trials of therapeutic and research project in Iran. She is accepting scholarship from American university
for PhD.
Abstract:
Drug abuse impacts quality of life signifi cantly. Th us, the present study is designed to compare the quality of life of adolescents and young adults who have voluntarily referred to addiction treatment centres at diff erent time slots of uponadmission, and one, four and eight months aft er maintenance treatment.
Th e Study is a longitudinal study on 141 of adolescents and young adults who had referred to various addiction treatment centres throughout Isfahan voluntarily. Th e population was selected through availability sampling method and 137 of adolescents and young adults continued the research till the end. Th e SF36 Questionnaire was used. Th e collected data was analyzed using statistical indices and SPSS soft ware. The obtained results showed that the average of quality of life total score was sequential and not the same in the four time slots under study. According to the post-hoc test, the total quality of life score upon-admission was signifi cantly diff erent from one, four and eight months aft er maintenance treatment. However, quality of life at one month was not signifi cantly diff erent to that at four and eight months aft er the treatment; also, quality of life at four months aft er the treatment was not signifi cantly diff erent to that at eight months after. According to the results obtained in the present study, it can be concluded that the quality of life of adolescents and young adults referring to addiction treatment centres increases one month aft er the treatment; nevertheless, it is worth to note that the degree of quality of life increase in four and eight months aft er the treatment is not as much as that in one month after the treatment. Th at is, the degree of quality of life increase is not that signifi cant in four and eight months aft er the treatment
in comparison with one month aft er the treatment. Th us, in addition to maintenance treatment, other aspects of quality of life, especially social, support and social network should be taken into consideration for a successful treatment and avoiding recurrence of addiction in this sensitive segment of society.
David E McCauley
Oak valley Foundation, USA
Title: Addiction to recovery or unlocking your potential
Biography:
David E.McCauley is the Author of Addiction to Recovery / Unlocking your Potential This book has has been featured on TV Healthy Lifestyles with Eraldo. David began working in the fi eld of substance use disorders in 1991. Working in St. Clair's Hospital detox unit while study-ing at Rutgers University and earning his certification in alcohol and drug counseling as well as becoming a certifi ed social worker. He later moved on to an outpatient facility then worked with the Division of Youth and Family Services before opening his own outpatient program in 1998. In recovery since 1989 David brings an accumulation of existential realization, many resources, years of recovery, education, insights and years working in the fi eld, with all adepts in the goal of personal transformation from addiction to recovery. An integrative approach to living in wellness of recovery by reframing the process in such a way that the right interpretation by the individual will help recovery click into place. Currently working on forth-coming book, Recovery: What Cost so Little is Worth so Much. This book will provide a new optimistic outlook as a guide for the unwary who have failed at recovery in the past and those coming into recovery for the fi rst time.
Abstract:
With the freedom of choice today we must look at all approaches for Addiction Treatment. The models include Twelve- Step programs, Smart Recovery, Motivational Th erapy, Holistic Ap-proach, Religious Approach, Rational Recovery, One-on-One Counseling Approach, and those who stop on their own, who have insight to off er.What we need to celebrate is the self-discovery of the individual, with that in mind we must look at all ways in which an individual can be re-lieved of lifestyle of addiction. Th is presentation will also include an introduction to the insight of the book Addiction to Recovery / Unlocking your Potential this book is a doorway that leaves an open mind to a higher more integrated way of living. With the concept that all change starts in the mind, in order to have a breakthrough in recovery, it requires a shift of awareness and consciousness in the individual- a shift in how we deal with our problems. All answers lie in the dis-covery of our inner freedom, with the freedom of choice and free will the individual will have many reasons to feel optimistic about their life and their future. Addiction to Recovery is a book of knowledge about life in recovery. Bringing the mind, body, soul and self together as one in order to have a breakthrough in recovery. In recovery the individual must heal what is broken, one must start with the inner core of their being. Our answers to many questions of life lie our soul, buried under the wounds of our past and present.
Th ey must be revealed and understood, and learn from “released and let go of for good.” One must rise from the unconscious addictive thinking into conscious thinking, where recovery is given meaning and purpose, thus enhancing the individuals life. It is an essential key to happiness, inner peace, and freedom in recovery.
Paul F Sing
Holistic Life Change International, USA
Title: Living through the storm: Lasting change from the inside out†-integrated holistic treatment for dual diagnosis in alcohol and drug addiction rehab
Biography:
Paul F Singh, MA, LP is a Beverly Hills psychologist and life coach. Singh completed his Master of Arts in Counseling at Grace Graduate School in Winona Lake,Indiana. Singh is the CEO and celebrity psychologist at Holistic Life Change International in Beverly Hills. Singh has been a guest lecturer at the former “Meet the Expert” series at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Singh is also an interventionist for the Betty Ford Center in Rancho Mirage, California. He is the author of the “Living through the Storm: Lasting Change from the Inside Out” book series.
Abstract:
Brand new cutting-edge Caregiver’s Dual Diagnosis Addiction Treatment Manual by Beverly Hills Psychologist Paul F. Singh, MA, LP: Dual diagnosis in alcohol and drug rehab treats both the addiction and psychological issues. Addiction is rarely the only issue facing clients and is oft en just a symptom related to underlying issues in early childhood attachment disorders. A person who has a dual diagnosis has two separate illnesses, and each illness needs its own treatment plan. Attachment disorders describe disorders of mood, behavior, and social relationships due to a failure to form normal attachments to primary caregiving fi gures in early childhood. Th is involves early experiences of neglect, abuse, and an abrupt separation from baby/young child (between 1 month old to 3 years of age) with caregivers. Psychologist Paul Singh shows
how most traditional rehab therapy fails people. It targets only 25% of a person’s story. Who would seek surgery that removed just one-fourth of a cancerous tumor? Psychologist Singh not only insightfully addresses the 25%, he skillfully unveils the remaining 75%. As clients understand 100% of their pain and what they’re doing with it, they will no longer simply manage their symptoms. Th ey can now be in a process of healing their attachment disorders. Th is integrated holistic (body, soul and spirit) model can bring lasting change to those struggling with addictions. If you want to minimize the chance of relapse with your clients and have them personally experience long-term change, start by reading this new book and workbook for caregivers and their clients from Holistic Life Change International
Eltoum Etdal,
University of Khartoum, Sudan
Title: Continuum of care of clonazepam misuse prescription in mental health psychiatry outpatient clinics: a project from KSA
Biography:
Eltoum Etdal has completed her RN,BSN,MSN at the age of 40 years from University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine School of Nursing and she joined Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-Riyadh King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research Cente since 1992 up to date as register nures RN. She is the Psychiarty Nurse Coordinator of Mental Health Department,. She has published continuum of care of clonazepam misuse prescription mental health psychiatry out patient at King Faisal Hospital& Research Centre.
Abstract:
Clonazepam is belong to a large group of medication called Benzodiazepine. It has a variety of clinical indications including anti-anxiety, sedative, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant. However it is one of the Benzodiazepine with high potency and potentially addictive. Th erefore, the delicate balance between using and misusing are always a concern for the physician
Objective: To Control and minimize the risk of clonazepam misuse prescription in the psychiatry outpatient clinics at the one of the largest tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This prospective project was conducted in the outpatient setting of mental health department at king Faial specialist hospital &Research Centre, Riyadh; targeting 49 patients following in one clinic out of fi ve modules & taking clonazepam as shown in their records. Th e subjects were followed & their pattern of clonazepam use is surveilled From August 2015 up to date. All data were collected from patient visit and medication refi ll visits, as well as any ER visits or refi ll done in any other non-psychiatry clinics. In addition to basic demographic information, duration, frequency of prescription of clonazepam use, as well as the reason it was noted. All patients passed through four phases protocol for management of benzodiazepine misuses.
Results: Out of 49 patients 16 patients (11 male and 4 female) are using the clonazepam regularly as instructed by physician. The age range from (30-65 years with duration range (1year to 18 years). Th e outcome of this study result in decrease unscheduled visit and emergency visit. In addition, there was a decrease in violent behavior at work place.
Conclusion overall this project proves to mental health department ,the possibility to monitor the controlled medications in effective way ,assuring the safety for the patients & reduce the load of unscheduled patients who come for clonazepam refill .The project will be adopted to include all psychiatric outpatient clinics in the hospital in the next phase .
Eltoum Etdal,
University of Khartoum, Sudan
Title: Continuum of care of clonazepam misuse prescription in mental health psychiatry outpatient clinics: a project from KSA
Biography:
Eltoum Etdal has completed her RN,BSN,MSN at the age of 40 years from University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine School of Nursing and she joined Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-Riyadh King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research Cente since 1992 up to date as register nures RN. She is the Psychiarty Nurse Coordinator of Mental Health Department,. She has published continuum of care of clonazepam misuse prescription mental health psychiatry out patient at King Faisal Hospital& Research Centre.
Abstract:
Clonazepam is belong to a large group of medication called Benzodiazepine. It has a variety of clinical indications including anti-anxiety, sedative, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant. However it is one of the Benzodiazepine with high potency and potentially addictive. Th erefore, the delicate balance between using and misusing are always a concern for the physician
Objective: To Control and minimize the risk of clonazepam misuse prescription in the psychiatry outpatient clinics at the one
of the largest tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This prospective project was conducted in the outpatient setting of mental health department at king Faial specialist
hospital &Research Centre, Riyadh; targeting 49 patients following in one clinic out of fi ve modules & taking clonazepam as
shown in their records. Th e subjects were followed & their pattern of clonazepam use is surveilled From August 2015 up to
date.
All data were collected from patient visit and medication refi ll visits, as well as any ER visits or refi ll done in any other
non-psychiatry clinics.
In addition to basic demographic information, duration, frequency of prescription of clonazepam use, as well as the reason
it was noted. All patients passed through four phases protocol for management of benzodiazepine misuses.
Results: Out of 49 patients 16 patients (11 male and 4 female) are using the clonazepam regularly as instructed by physician. Th e
age range from (30-65 years with duration range (1year to 18 years). Th e outcome of this study result in decrease unscheduled
visit and emergency visit. In addition, there was a decrease in violent behavior at work place.
Conclusion overall this project proves to mental health department ,the possibility to monitor the controlled medications in
eff ective way ,assuring the safety for the patients & reduce the load of unscheduled patients who come for clonazepam refi ll
.Th e project will be adopted to include all psychiatric outpatient clinics in the hospital in the next phase .
Vahid Farnia
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: Amphetamine psychosis: Clinical features and treatment
Biography:
Vahid Farnia is the current chair in Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran and he had been the chairperson of the Behavioral Sciences Research Center at the university from 2010 to 2013. He studied medicine at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran and obtaining his medical degree in 2000. He was a resident in psychiatry at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran and obtains his national psychiatry board certifi cation in 2008. He has undertaken 8 projects concerning amphetamine psychosis, dependence on amphetamine and drugs supported by Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. He is the author of a chapter with topic of "Amphetamine psychosis" in the book entitled "Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse" which was edited by professor Victor R. Preedy from King's College London.
Abstract:
Amphetamine-type stimulants refer to a group of drugs whose principal members include amphetamine and methamphetamine. Th e use of these drugs is a global and growing phenomenon and in recent years, there has been a
signifi cant increase in the production and use of amphetamines worldwide. According to Th e world drug report the amountof methamphetamine seized was increased from 34 tons in 2009 to 88 tons in 2013. In addition to growing market for methamphetamine in East and South-East Asia, there are also indications of increasing use in parts of North America and Europe. It is well established from several years ago that there is a strong relationship between the amphetamines use and the development of acute psychosis. Amphetamine induced psychosis usually is a state of amphetamine intoxication with psychotic
symptoms, commonly presented with delusions and hallucinations. Th e early studies demonstrated that amphetamines could produce psychotic symptoms even in healthy subjects. Amphetamine induced psychosis has been reported in 13–45% of regular users of amphetamines. Regarding the highly addictive nature, and its ability to produce psychotic symptoms, amphetamine abuse is a major public health concern in the current century. While the number of the patients with amphetamine induced psychosis as well as the patients with abuse and chronic dependence on amphetamine is growing, more comprehensive understanding of clinical features and treatment of this disorder will be required to address the psychosis as well as the addiction. Th is presentation will
review the risk factors, frequency, symptoms, and treatment of amphetamine induced psychosis. Also implications for practice, management and future research will be discussed.
Deanna L Mulvihill
RN PhD, TLI Foundation, USA
Title: Rebounding of the body is a multimodal technique designed to reintegrate disassociate parts
Biography:
Deanna's expertise is in evaluation and her passion is improving the health and wellbeing. Her open and contextual evaluation model based on responsive constructivists creates new pathways for improving health care. She has built this model after years of experience in research, evaluation, teaching and administration both in hospital and education institutions. The foundation is based on fourth generation evaluation (Guba & Lincoln, 1989) which is a methodology that utilizes the previous generations of evaluation: measurement, description and judgment. It allows for value-pluralism. This approach is responsive to all stakeholders and has a different way of focusing.
Abstract:
Persons who have experienced trauma are at greater risk for both mental and physical health problems including PTSD and substance abuse. Both trauma and substance abuse make neurohormonal changes in the body which make it difficult for individuals to recover. Rebonding of the Body is a multimodal technique designed to reintegrate disassociate parts, feelings and memories in person who have suff ered trauma. Th is technique is known to be helpful in recovery from both of these conditions. It is an individual technique that is primarily off ered in a group support system and consists of eight 3 hour sessions. This workshop is intended for experienced therapist and or researchers so that they might experience how powerful these techniques are, they should dress in clothes that are comfortable to move around and be prepared to participate. This workshop is two and a half hours long and for attendees who participate in this workshop and provide feedback aft erward will have access
to an e-training manual.
Ali Dashtgard
Birjand University of medical sciences, Iran
Title: The effect of bandura’s social-cognitive theory implementation on addiction quitting of clients referred to addiction quitting clinics
Biography:
Ali Dashtdard completed his Msc. in nursing from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. He teaches as a faculty member of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, and conducted a lot of research on drug addiction in Iran.
Abstract:
Introduction: Addiction, especially addiction quitting has been the main problem of health systems of many countries in recent years. High percentage of addiction recurrence (more than 80%) indicates that the nature of addiction and its therapeutic method have not been fully recognized and it more eff ort is demanded in this field.
Drug addiction is a medical disorder and couldn't eff ectively be treated medically, based on most studies. Th e eff ect of medical treatment would be completed, when primary supportive services such as psychological counseling, treating accompanying disease and accessibility to medical and rehabilitation services were provided. As to literature review on addiction, successful preventive education programs are conducted based on well-known Models.
As Bandura’s cognitive-social theory is based on interactive dynamic relationship between environmental, personal and individual behavior, this theory could be applied as a basis for interventional strategies. According to fi ndings, implementing educational program based on Bandura’s theory aff ected signifi cantly on successful quitting; in test group it was 16.7% more than control group. Th e fi ndings of this study revealed although pharmaceutical treatment is the fi rst choice for addiction, a client needs non pharmaceutical interventions as well as detoxifying to experience stable and eff ective behavior.
Raymond Tamasi
Gosnold on Cape Cod, USA
Title: Preventing treating and managing the disease of addiction
Biography:
Tamasi is President of Gosnold on Cape Cod with over forty years of experience developing and managing treatment, intervention, and prevention services. He has been recognized nationally for the development of innovative approaches and programs. He is a frequent speaker on issues of policy and a redefi ning of the addiction treatment and prevention system. He is a recent recipient of the National Council on Behavioral Health’s Visionary Leadership award. He is a member of the Board of the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers, the American College of Healthcare Executives, the Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment, the Cape Cod Hospital Board of Incorporators, and the Association for Behavioral Health. He has a Bachelor's of Arts in Economics and a Masters in Education with a concentration in Counseling and Healthcare Administration.
Abstract:
Addiction is a chronic health condition that aff ects 40 percent of the American public. It costs society about $600 billion annually, is responsible for 25% of all hospital admissions, and is implicated in 80% of incarcerations. Of the estimated 23-25 million people who need addiction treatment, about 2.5 million (10%) receive it. Stigma, insurance barriers, and the perception by many that they don’t have a problem have limited access to care. Eff orts to reduce stigma through awareness programs, the 2008 Mental Health and Addiction Parity Act, and the infl ux of newly insured patients through the ACA have sparked investor interest and led to rapid growth of inpatient rehabilitation programs. However, despite wider acceptance of addiction as a chronic brain disorder, treatment systems continue to be developed and defi ned by an emphasis on acute, time-limited treatments. For more than forty years, addiction treatment has been defined and judged by this misplaced perception that a fi xed duration of treatment will “fi x the problem”. Patients and families
have been led to believe that a month in rehab would “take care of the problem”.
This fragmented approach fails to provide the life-long management necessary to ensure sustained remission. Th e greatly underemphasized problem is the absence of substantial and comprehensive community based continuing care and the paucity of prevention, early identifi cation and intervention eff orts. Relegating follow-up care, prevention and early intervention to the sidelines contradicts the standard treatment of chronic disease. New ideas, innovative service delivery methods, alternative clinical interventions, and technological supports are not robustly developed, tested, and integrated. It is time for a new vision that addresses addiction as the chronic disease it is. Th is workshop will describe an approach that incorporates prevention, early intervention, and extended engagement with traditional models of care to create a seamless, integrated system of care that addresses addiction as a chronic condition that can produce more favorable long term outcomes
Biography:
Norman S Miller, MD, JD, PLLC, is the Medical Director, Detoxifi cation and Residential Pro-grams, Bear River Health at Walloon Lake, and the President, Health Advocates PLLC. Dr. Norman Miller is a psychiatrist in East Lansing, Michigan and is affi liated with multiple hospitals in the area, including Covenant Medical Center and DMC Detroit Receiving Hospital. He received his medical degree from Howard University College of Medicine and has been in practice for 41 years. He is one of 6 doctors at Covenant Medical Center and one of 26 at DMC Detroit Receiving Hospital who specialize in Psychiatry.
Abstract:
Peer victimization was defined as the experience among children of being a target of the aggressive behavior of other children who are not siblings and not necessarily age mates. More specifi cally, adolescent peer victimization was defi ned as any aggressive behavior occurring to youth in his/her teens and perpetuated by other youth and intimate partners. Most studies with larger samples, i.e. including more than 10,000 participants, found that victimization was positively related to cannabis use at multi-variant levels. Additionally, studies considering a broader defi nition of the victim status, including both peer victims and perpetrator victims compared to studies diff erentiating peer victims from perpetrator victims were more likely to fi nd a signifi cant association. In studies diff erentiating peer victims from perpetrator victims, cannabis was more likely to be associated with perpetrator victims. Th ese trends may suggest that cannabis use might be more strongly related to aggression, given much more studies found in signifi cant association between cannabis use and perpetrator status. These fi ndings are not surprising, since most cannabis consumption and aggression are expressions of problem behavior. In particular, cannabis has the potential to decrease the ability to accurately identify, evaluate, or avoid potentially dangerous persons or situations. In some, given the relative consistency in larger studies and those considering broader defi nitions of victim status, it may be suggested that peer victimization is clearly related to cannabis use.
Rick Krueger
Vinland National Center, USA
Title: Integrated service treatment approach addressing the whole person including mind, body and spirit
Biography:
Rick Krueger MA, LPCC, LADC is the Clinical Director at Vinland National Center. Rick earned his Master’s Degree in Clinical Psychology at Loras College in Dubuque, Iowa. He completed his Master’s level practicum through Mercy Hospital Employment Assistance Program. While earning his Master’s Degree he worked full-time as Chemical Dependency Counselor at Turning Point Treatment Center. He moved to Minnesota in 1994 to enter a PsyD program at the Minnesota School of Psychology. He completed his diagnostic assessment practicum at Boston Health Care Services working with individuals with Developmental Disabilities, and he completed a therapy practicum at University Wisconsin River Falls Counseling Center. He worked as Chemical Dependency Counselor at St. Mary’s Treatment Center, which later became Fairview Recovery Services. He worked at Hazelden Center for Youth and Family and, he was the Clinical Director at River Ridge Treatment Center before joining the clinical team at Vinland National Center.
Abstract:
Rick Krueger’s presentation will discuss the use of an integrated service treatment approach addressing the whole person including mind, body and spirit. His presentation covers how the integration of these services plays an important role in the long-term success of individuals recovering from substance abuse, mental illness and cognitive challenges. His presentation
will discuss illness management and recovery (IMR), an evidence-based mental illness and chemical dependency (MI/CD) treatment practice, Trauma Informed Services, Resiliency , Mindfulness-based meditation, Th erapeutic exercise, and adapted yoga. Rick will review outcome studies of both Illness Management Recovery and therapeutic exercise. Additionally, he will review a promising study of the Use of Mindfulness mediation with clients with a Substance Use Disorder.
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt
Central Michigan University, USA
Title: Cannabis’s role in pain management- is it really beneficial?
Biography:
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt is a resident Psychiatrist from Central Michigan University. She received her medical degree from the University of Kiel Germany and Yale University School of Medicine. Her PhD thesis in Neuroscience was on “Phenazone in the treatment of the acute migraine attack”. She is involved in research regarding Pain Management and Addiction.
Abstract:
Cannabis has been used in medicine for thousands of years for various medical conditions. Over the last decade it is increasingly getting used in the treatment of chronic pain. Cannabis has been shown to have some positive effi cacy in the reduction of pain as an adjunct in therapy combined with opioids. Clinical studies published are mostly small in number and solely for neuropathic pain. Most studies that showed a clinical benefi t were short in duration. Longer-term studies for more than 4 weeks have reported psychosis in the patients with percentages ranging from 36.3% to even 80%. Most patients report a long list of side eff ects associated with the use of cannabis. Symptoms reported are memory problems, problems with motor coordination and impaired judgment and more serious medical problems like cancer or cardiac ischemia. Cannabis consists of more than 60 pharmacologically active cannabinoids. Th e primary cannabinoids in marijuana are delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) and cannabidiol. Not all cannabinoids are yet identifi ed or understood. The dosing of cannabis and it’s metabolism are problematic in the treatment as well.
Cannabis is liposoluble and tends to accumulate in adipose tissue together with it’s derivates. Th erefore the substance gets released into the body long aft er last ingestion, resulting in even more potent eff ects and adverse eff ects in the users. Cannabis is a Schedule I substance and the attempt to discontinue does create a set of symptoms called “marijuana abstinence syndrome”. Symptoms of marijuana withdrawal are consistent of: anxiety, depression, decreased appetite, headaches, insomnia, irritability, muscle tension, nausea, nightmares and unpleasant vivid dreams. Lastly, patients develop tolerance to cannabis as well, similar to alcohol, meaning over time are larger doses required to achieve the same clinical response.
Zohreh Zarnegar
University of Southern California, USA
Title: Prevention that works: A proposal for international collaborative trial in prevention of preadolescence smoking
Biography:
Zohreh Zarnegar, a clinical, neuro-pediatric psychologist, PhD from University of Southern California (USC), completed a NIMH postdoctoral fellowship in Preventive Medicine at USC Medical School. She has received awards for her expertise-services for health promotion, prevention and early intervention, and developing programs focusing on early childhood development, prevention of prenatal exposures to (1) trauma and maltreatment; and (2) drugs, particularly alcohol. She takes her messages around the world through teaching and training of the professionals. She is a Zero To Three Graduate Fellow, ChildTrauma Academy Fellow, anddirector of Children’s Health International (CHI) serving families with young children worldwide.
Abstract:
Cigarette smoking is one of major public health problems in the world. Cigarette smoking is responsible for over 80 percent of ill-health and premature mortality worldwide. Low-birth rate and premature birth are also prevalent among the babies born to the smoking mothers.
Due to some state legislations and public education campaigns, adult smoking rate in some developed countries has subsided. However, the trend for female smoking and rate of smoking in other countries’ has been on the rise. Traditional approaches to prevention, such as negative or fear-based approaches have been tried. Despite their “face validity” they have failed to produce measurable reductions in smoking. The author will present recommendation for a comprehensive preventive program with characteristics that have been consistently eff ective with other preventive programs with diff erent population age groups. This ecologically-based proposed multi-purpose preventive program will combine smoking prevention with other risk reduction objectives, providing rationale for involving various social, cultural, community and family resources, as well as developmentally based factors. Th rough this proposed theoretical framework, the author hopes to shed light on the nature of complexity of childhood smoking behavior. Lastly, the theory’s strengths and limitations will be discussed.
Himanshu Chaturvedi
National Institute of Medical Statistics, India
Title: Traditional use of opium and its impact on other neighbouring community
Biography:
Himanshu K. Chaturvedi completed his M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Statistics from TM Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, INDIA. Dr. Chaturvedi has received many honour and awards. He is a distinguished senior level Scientist at National Institute of Medical Statistics of ICMR, New Delhi, India and Ph.D. Supervisor in Medical Statistics of GGSIP University, New Delhi. He served as a PI/Co-PI of many National Level projects and also as a member of many scientifi c committees. The area of his research work is epidemiological studies of harmful substance usage, risk factors of non-communicable disease, estimation of disease burden and health seeking behaviour of people. Besides that many training workshops on statistical methods, clinical and epidemiological research has been organized by him. He has published more than 40 papers in peer reviewed national and international journals.
Abstract:
Background: Th e traditional knowledge and belief about the sanctity and medicinal properties of opium has been continued in many parts of India especially among tribal communities. Traditional usage of opium has been recorded among the tribal community of Northeast India especially in Arunachal Pradesh. Th e study investigates the possible social interaction of local tribal community with others living together in the same village for livelihood and its infl uence on increasing opium usage among the non-traditional users.
Methodology: Data collected on opium use in a study conducted in tribal dominated area of Arunachal Pradesh has been used to understand the impact of social interaction on increasing opium use. Of the sample of 65 villages and 4247 respondents (age 15 years & above) selected randomly, opium users were recorded only in 39 villages (2543 respondents). Of which 7 villages
has mixed population of tribes (local) and non-tribes (others); 31 villages has population of only tribes; and one village has
only non-tribal population.
Results: Overall, prevalence of opium users among the respondents of 39 villages was 9.3%, but the prevalence in mixed type of villages was 14% (14.4% among local tribes and 12.0% among others) whereas it was comparatively low among the respondents of sample of villages mainly recorded as tribal villages (8.3%) and non-tribal villages (1.4%). Th e high prevalence of opium use among the tribes was mainly due to traditional belief and practices which has been discussed. However, the increasing opium
use among the non-tribal community was mainly due to close social interaction with neighbouring community as they were living together in the same village.
Conclusion: Traditional use of opium among the tribes was the main cause of increasing opium usage among the neighbouring (non-tribal) community especially due to close social interaction. Th e fi ndings may be useful for institution of epidemiological intervention to reduce opium use
Biography:
Norman S Miller, MD, JD, PLLC, is the Medical Director, Detoxifi cation and Residential Pro¬grams, Bear River Health at Walloon Lake, and the President, Health Advocates PLLC. He is a psychiatrist in East Lansing, Michigan and is affi liated with multiple hospitals in the area, including Covenant Medical Center and DMC Detroit Receiving Hospital. He received his medical degree from Howard University College of Medicine and has been in practice for 41 years. He is one of 6 doctors at Covenant Medical Center and one of 26 at DMC Detroit Receiving Hospital who specialize in Psychiatry.
Abstract:
Despite the widespread prescribing of opioid medications for the treatment of chronic pain there is little or no evidence for its effi cacy. In fact, the studies show that long-term prescribing of opioid medications leads to signifi cant morbidity and mortality. The Controlled Substance Laws defi ne prescription opioid medication as dangerous and addicting medications. Despite the classifi cation and scheduling of opioid medication, their prescribing continues to be widespread and adverse. Of central importance is there are few studies of the addicting properties that drive the high rates of prescribing and adverse consequences. It is a myth that most people treated with opioids never become addicted and addiction does not develop if you are prescribing for pain. Why are opioid medications prescribed in large quantities and high frequency when there is little or no proven effi cacy for their therapeutic value? Why are opioids the most commonly prescribed medication in the United States for the past decades when the adverse consequences continue to grow? Why does the medical profession continue to prescribe opioid medications that result in increased pain and increased disability? Th is article summarizes the inherent addictive pharmacologic properties that are the impetus and basis for America’s current opioid epidemic.
Jes Rejoice Paul
American University of St Vincent, USA
Title: Dopamine D1 and D2 receptor subtypes functional regulation in unilateral rotenone lesioned parkinson’s rat model: effect of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine
Biography:
Jes Paul is doing research on Stem Cell, Genetics, Medical Biochemistry, pathophysiology, Molecular and Cellular neurobiology. He worked as an Associate
Research Scientist Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. He did Post-doctoral researcher from Ohio State University Medical Center.
Abstract:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is due to widespread degeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Th e hallmark pathology remains in the dopaminergic striatal insuffi ciency and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN).
Objectives: - The present study analysed the eff ect of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine and norepinephrine (NE) as treatment on
rotenone induced hemi-Parkinson’s disease in rats and its role in the regulation of Dopamine receptor subtypes in the Corpus Straiatum (CS) of the experimental rats.
Methods: - Unilateral stereotaxic single dose infusions of rotenone were administered to the substantia nigra of adult male Wistar rats. Neurotransmitters –serotonin (5-HT), dopamine and norepinephrine (NE) treatments were given to rotenone induced hemi-Parkinson’s rats. Dopamine receptor and its subtypes (D1 and D2) binding assay were done. Gene expression studies of Dopamine D1 and D2 were done using real-time PCR.
Results: - Scatchard analysis of Dopamine and Dopamine D2 receptor showed a signifi cant increase (p<0.001) and Dopamine D1 receptor showed a signifi cant decrease (p<0.001) in the Bmax in Corpus Striatum of the PD rats compared to control. These altered parameters were reversed to near control in the serotonin and norepinephrine treated Parkinson’s disease rats and no change was observed in Dopamine treated Parkinson’s disease rats. Real-time PCR results confi rmed the receptor data.
Conclusion: - Our results showed serotonin and norepinephrine functionally reversed in Dopamine receptors in rotenone induced hemi-Parkinson’s rat. This has clinical signifi cance in the therapeutic management of Parkinson’s disease.
Alaaeldin A Elkoussi
University of Assiut, Egypt
Title: Role of brain neurotransmitters in solvent inhalant abuse and neurotoxicity
Biography:
Elkoussi is a professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology in Assiut College of Medicine. He obtained his PhD in 1972 and in 1982 and 1984 was granted postdoctoral fellowships in the University of Florida College of Pharmacy. From 1990 to 1994 he worked as a Senior Research Scientist in the Center for Drug Design and Delivery and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Florida and also worked as pharmacologist and as a regulatory affairs manager in pharmaceutical research companies in USA and Egypt. In 2002 Prof. Elkoussi obtained a Hubert Humphrey Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University. He published over 50 manuscripts in international journals and presented several lectures and research work in many international conferences and supervised several Masters and PhD theses in experimental and clinical pharmacology and toxicology. Prof. Elkoussi main areas of interest includes: drug abuse, drug design &delivery, drug interactions, biological evaluation of drug activity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacotherapy, pharmacovigilance as well as phytotherapy. For the last 2 decades; Prof. Elkoussi has conducted and supervised several research studies and projects on the topic of solvent inhalant abuse; causes, mechanism, patterns and signifi cance in different countries.
Abstract:
Nowadays, it is quite acknowledged that inhalant abuse crosses all demographic, ethnic, and socioeconomic boundaries, causing signifi cant morbidity and mortality particularly in school-aged and older children. Solvent inhalants are not illegal, easily accessible and inexpensive; which makes young people at an increased risk for their abuse and consequences, including death. Several studies were undertaken to elucidate the possible mechanisms(s) of inhalant abuse and toxicity. Some studies revealed that deaths associated with their abuse were traumatic and capable of killing directly probably via cardiac mechanisms. Other studies showed that inhalants can lead to severe damage to bone marrow, liver, kidney, brain, and heart. Various reports ascribed the neurotoxicity of inhalants to their eff ects on brain neurotransmitters. Inhalants were found to increase GABAA, glycine and 5-HT3 receptor activation. Toluene, TCE, benzene and diethyl ether produce anxiolytic eff ects, suggesting that they act as positive modulators of GABAA receptors. Toluene acutely inhibit nicotinic ACh receptors; whereas acute toluene exposure was shown to regulate hippocampal muscarinic receptor binding and could disrupt the activity of numerous voltage-gated ion channels, calcium signaling, ATPases and G-proteins. other studies reported that toluene, benzene, , diethyl ether, TCE, and xylene may block the NMDA receptors resulting in
CNS depression . Prolonged exposure to toluene increased levels of brain NMDA receptors. Toluene was reported to inhibit two types of potassium channels in brain cells. Exposure to toluene increased dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex and striatum and increased neuronal fi ring in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in a manner similar to other drugs of abuse which
could be integral to the rewarding Toluene caused alterations in catecholamines synthesis and utilization in a number of studies. Th e neurobiological effects of toluene may be mediated by GABA and glutamate receptors.
In a recent study in our laboratory, single and daily repeated Toluene inhalation signifi cantly altered levels of brain neurotransmitters. Toluene increased levels of glutamate and decreased levels of GABA. Toluene single and repeated daily inhalation increased 5-HT and dopamine levels in rat’s brain.
In this presentation, a trial is undertaken to throw some light on the role of brain neurotransmitters in solvent inhalant abuse and neurotoxicity. Th is might help in fi nding more adequate methods to treat and overcome the deleterious hazards of abusing these toxic substances.
- Addiction science
Session Introduction
Siobhan Morse
Georgia State University, USA
Title: Healthcare Utilization Savings Private Residential Treatment for Substance Abuse Mental Health Disorders
Biography:
Attending treatment to address substance abuse and mental health issues can play a significant role in reducing the use of expensive acute care such as ER visits as well as reduce the number of overnight stays in hospitals.
Abstract:
Health care costs associated with individuals who abuse drugs and alcohol are higher than those for the general populations. Of the $216 billion dollars paid by federal and state government for health care costs for persons abusing alcohol, drug and tobacco 98% represents medical consequences of substance abuse and only 2% represents direct spending for substance abuse treatment (National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, 2009). Chronic drug users utilize 30% more emergency healthcare services than the general population (McGeary & French 2000). Opiate users often receive care in emergency rooms, one of the most expensive points of entry to the healthcare system (Shanahan, Beers, Alford, Brigandi, & Samet, 2010). The risks of inpatient care and ER visits in bipolar patients are associated with key co-morbidities including substance abuse (Guo, Keck, Li, Jang and Kelton, 2008). Individuals who abuse drugs and alcohol have higher rates of mental and physical illnesses and use more expensive forms of acute care Clark.
Ni Fan
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, China
Title: Serum cytokines levels and their correlations with the psychotic symptoms in chronic ketamine abusers
Biography:
Dr. Ni Fan, M.D., Ph.D. got her ph.D. from Louisiana State University Health Science Center at 2009 and continued her postdoc training at Yale University School of Medicine from 2009 to 2012. Currently she is the vice director of the neuropsychiatric research institute of Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Her research was funded by National Nature Science foundation of China.
Abstract:
Exposing to NMDAR receptor antagonists, ketamine, produces schizophrenia-like symptoms in humans and deteriorates symptoms in schizophrenia patients. Meanwhile, schizophrenia is associated with alterations of cytokines in the immune system. Serum cytokine levels in chronic human ketamine users were measured as compared to healthy subjects. The correlations between the serum cytokines levels with the demographic, ketamine use characteristics and psychiatric symptoms were assessed. Subjects who fulfilled the criteria of ketamine dependence and healthy control subjects were recruited. Serum cytokine levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The psychiatric symptoms of the ketamine abusers were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Serum levels of cytokines were altered in chronic ketamine abusers which may play a role in schizophrenia-like symptoms in chronic ketamine abusers.
Pamela Wray
Executive Director and Founder of The Lighthouse for Recovery Ministries, USA
Title: An Addict in the Family: Family at Risk
Biography:
Pamela D. Wray is the Executive Director and Founder of The Lighthouse for Recovery in Birmingham, Al. The Lighthouse for Recovery Ministries has been recognized as a 2015 "Top Business" recipient by DiversityBusiness.com, winner of the Best Social Service Agency in Birmingham, Al for 2013 and winner of the “Top 500 Veteran Owned Businesses for 2014”. Pamela holds five bachelor degrees in business, computer and medical fields and one Master in Medical and Social Psychology. She holds eleven Military Occupational Specialties and is a former commanding officer in the U.S. Army Special Operation Command. She has eight certifications in business, publishing and editing, substance abuse counseling, finance, computer design and web design. She has been selected for numerous awards for her work with The Lighthouse for Recovery Ministries and other volunteering for sister agencies, including winner of the Presidents Citizen Medal 2013, Pont of Light Award in August 2014 , and “Outstanding Woman in the Community”, 2013, UAB Women’s Center.
Abstract:
The Lighthouse for Recovery Ministries provides programs, service and auxiliary programs as a transitional resettlement resource for the Homeless, Substance/Alcohol Abuse, Domestic Violence, At Risk Children and Youth, Animal Advocacy, Veterans and Prison Reentry, both state and federal. Our sacred mission is to open the door for recovery, restoration and hope to the Returning Citizen and its family members which will empower, enrich and promote positive change. We are dedicated to the individualized treatment plan and use of group therapeutic resources for each of our clients as well as integrating family and support units into the client’s treatment plans and future goals. The success of our individualized treatment plans based on the client’s input and definitive needs that we pursue for our clients has been phenomenal. The integration of the family and support units into our client’s future goals and dreams is what sets us apart from social service agencies and other recovery and rehabilitation programs. In this workshop, we will provide addicts, families, social service personnel and therapeutic communities with education on the disease of addiction which is designed to raise awareness and understanding of the dynamics and impact of addiction on the people whom we serve. It will cover the neurological basis of addiction; mental, behavioral, emotional and spiritual dimensions; stages of change; recovery; motivational techniques and resources.
- Drug Abuse and Neurotoxicology
Biography:
Norman S Miller, MD, JD, PLLC, is the Medical Director, Detoxifi cation and Residential Pro-grams, Bear River Health at Walloon Lake, and the President, Health Advocates PLLC. Dr. Norman Miller is a psychiatrist in East Lansing, Michigan and is affi liated with multiple hospitals in the area, including Covenant Medical Center and DMC Detroit Receiving Hospital. He received his medical degree from Howard University College of Medicine and has been in practice for 41 years. He is one of 6 doctors at Covenant Medical Center and one of 26 at DMC Detroit Receiving Hospital who specialize in Psychiatry.
Abstract:
Peer victimization was defi ned as the experience among children of being a target of the aggressive behavior of other children who are not siblings and not necessarily age mates. More specifi cally, adolescent peer victimization was defi ned as any aggressive behavior occurring to youth in his/her teens and perpetuated by other youth and intimate partners.
Most studies with larger samples, i.e. including more than 10,000 participants, found that victimization was positively related to cannabis use at multi-variant levels. Additionally, studies considering a broader defi nition of the victim status, including both peer victims and perpetrator victims compared to studies diff erentiating peer victims from perpetrator victims were more likely to fi nd a signifi cant association. In studies diff erentiating peer victims from perpetrator victims, cannabis was more likely to be associated with perpetrator victims. Th ese trends may suggest that cannabis use might be more strongly related to aggression, given much more studies found in signifi cant association between cannabis use and perpetrator status.
These fi ndings are not surprising, since most cannabis consumption and aggression are expressions of problem behavior. In particular, cannabis has the potential to decrease the ability to accurately identify, evaluate, or avoid potentially dangerous persons or situations. In some, given the relative consistency in larger studies and those considering broader defi nitions of victim status, it may be suggested that peer victimization is clearly related to cannabis use.
Biography:
Norman S. Miller, MD, JD, PLLC, is the Medical Director, Detoxification and Residential Pro-grams, Bear River Health at Walloon Lake; and the President, Health Advocates PLLC. Umer Farooq, MD, is a Clinical Assistant Professor, Michigan State University College of Human Medi¬cine; and the Director, Dual Diagnosis Program, Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services.
Abstract:
Why are opioid medications prescribed in large quantities and high frequency when there is little or no proven efficacy for their therapeutic value? Why are opioids the most commonly prescribed medication in the United States for the past decades when the adverse consequences continue to grow? Why does the medical profession continue to prescribe opioid medications that result in increased pain and increased disability? This article summarizes the inherent addictive pharmacologic properties that are the impetus and basis for America’s current opioid epidemic.
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt
Central Michigan University, USA
Title: Mechanisms of Pain and Opioid Pharmacology
Biography:
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt is a resident psychiatrist at Central Michigan University, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, MI, USA. Thersilla got her medical degree from the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel, Germany and did her 4th Year medical training at Yale University, School of Medicine in New Haven, CT, USA. She received her PhD in Neuroscience from the Christian Albrechts- University in Kiel, Germany. Her thesis was on Phenazone in the treatment of the acute migraine attack.
Abstract:
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a very common consequence of pain management with opioids. Characteristics of OIH are worsening pain over time despite an increased dose of the opioid. It is often recognized neither by the physician nor the patient, and it results in increasing doses of opioid medications and continued unsatisfying pain levels experienced by the patient. The increased use of narcotics has a negative impact on patient outcome, as patients suffer from increased pain levels and often develop depression. Patients with OIH require frequent assessment for aberrant behaviors as an indicator of addictive use. Opioid-seeking behavior may complicate the clinical picture of failed opioid therapy. The treatment of OIH is to discontinue the opioid medication and to treat the patient’s withdrawal symptoms, if necessary, in an inpatient setting with medical monitoring.
- Addiction Treatment and Rehabilitation
Session Introduction
Young Lee
Manchester University, U.S.A
Title: A mathematical modeling approach to the dynamics of gambling
Biography:
Young Lee completed multiple advanced degrees including her Doctorate of Philosophy in mathematics at University of Wisconsin – Madison. Her research interests are mathematical biology, scientific computation and computer system performance. She has published papers on infectious diseases and socioeconomic dynamics such as Ebola, H. pylori, juvenile crimes, and gambling using epidemiological models and stability analysis, also on numerical analysis of finite difference schemes, perturbations and fixed point theory in differential equations. Her models are often discussed both analytically and numerically. She has also worked on queuing network modeling and simulation and global memory systems in a network of workstations. She has taught mathematics and computer science at Manchester University since 1998.
Abstract:
We take a mathematical modeling approach to the gambling epidemiology. Two deterministic models with ordinary differential equations are created to study the dynamics of gambling: one is for older adults aged 65-80 with four compartments; the other population is youth ages 16-24 composed of three classes. The models seek to examine dynamics of the system through stability analysis and a basic reproductive number. A sociological term for a basic reproductive number is a tipping point because it provides a point at which a stable system turns to an unstable one or vise versa, which is a threshold condition. All parameters are approximated, and numerical simulations are also explored. Analyses indicate that problem gambling is present in an endemic state among both older adults and young adults. One of the main goals for the young adult model is to see how prevalence rates of at-risk gambling and problem gambling change as adolescents enter into young adulthood. The parameters to which the system is most sensitive are identified and are translated to primary prevention for both models. Prevention and control strategies are discussed: school education on gambling addiction should be offered for young adults; a self-exclusion program for older adults, which is used to intervene problem gamblers or pathological gamblers by allowing them to voluntarily exclude from gambling establishments, should be extended to those who are identified as potential excessive gamblers. Although research has been active on gambling, this is the first mathematical modeling approach to study the dynamics of gambling.
Marianne stallvik
Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
Title: Assessing patients to Optimal Level of Care with the ASAM Criteria Software
Biography:
Marianne Stallvik completed her Ph.D. at NTNU, Trondheim, Norway and has over ten years’ experience working with research and research strategies in the field of substances and addiction. Dr. Stallvik has led several research projects in her region involving a wide range of clinics and topics, and has also led multi-cite studies involving clinics from both the public and private organisations. She is a researcher at St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, R&D department, Clinic for substance and addiction medicine, and research advisor at the University Hospital Ahus in Oslo. Dr.Stallvik has also been elected representative for Network Health Care Research, SERAF and The Regional Research Committee for Health authorities. She is a specialist on the software placement tool ASAM (Continuum ASAM decision engine) and has led a validation study in cooperation with USA. The results validated the software decision basis and are now being implemented in several clinics in Norway.
Abstract:
ASAM Criteria software was studied for predictive and convergent validity by assessing patients with a substance use disorder to optimal level of care (LOC). ASAM criteria is a computer-assisted structured interview and clinical decision support programme that implements validated tools including the Addiction Severity Index, CIWA and CINA abstinence scores and measures biopsychosocial conditions to match patients to an optimal LOC. The talk will cover results from a pilot and a validation study including 261 patients. At post-test three months after treatment initiation, patients who had received matched treatment based on the ASAM recommendation reported less use of alcohol and cannabis versus undermatched patients. Overmatched patients had no better outcomes than matched patients; in some cases no change occurred or a more intensive LOC was recommended at post-test. Consistent with prior studies, the ASAM Criteria Software Norwegian version demonstrates elements of predictive validity for determining intensity of LOC placement using all three prospectively planned measures. We also studied the ability of the ASAM Criteria to clinically distinguish between the different LOC, and results lend support for the software’s convergent validity. This ability to distinguish by severity was taken further in a third paper which also examined the programme’s Dual Diagnosis taxonomy, incorporated in the second revised version to assess patients’ need for more specialised programmes for co-occurring psychiatric disorders. We aimed to study the prevalence of co-occurring disorders programme recommendations and ASAM Criteria convergent validity in terms of locating patients with co-occurring disorders and discriminating between severities among those who received more intense recommendations. The results are in line with previous research with the use of these criteria, and the different recommendations show differences in characteristics, severity and outcomes. The successful translation and software testing in Norway should encourage larger studies – preferably across nations and treatment system.
Francisco José Montero-Bancalero
Professor at Osuna University, Spain
Title: New technologies focused on prevention and intervention of addiction problems
Biography:
Francisco José Montero Bancalero, from Spain, studied psychology at Seville University and obtained his doctorate at Huelva University. He is currently a professor at Osuna University. His professional career started in the field of addictions working as a therapist in an outpatient treatment center, and then he began to participate in different investigation projects. Always interested in the link between researchi and applied practice, he reached the point of leading a pioneering tool in Aula de Alcoholism (Alcoholism Classroom). He has since been interested in new technologies and how to use them to improve the prevention of, and intervention in, substance use problems. He has become a member of the National Hispanic Science Network on Drug Abuse and has presented his projects at different international conferences.
Abstract:
Society is changing faster than ever before. New Technologies of Information and Communication (NTICs) play an important role in people’s life and have changed the way in which people interact forever. In this context, NTICs are a key tool that professionals must understand and make use of, while remembering that NTICs change quickly themselves. Since NTICs are a part of people’s life, they cannot be excluded from the field of health, and addictions are no exception. This tool allows professionals to reach a lot of people in a fast, easy and economical way for everyone. Websites, blogs, social networks, mobile apps, personal computers and tablets are important resources for contacting drug abusers or risk groups, for disseminating prevention campaigns to the general population, for accessing new advances in the research field or simply for sharing information about events or news related to addictions. Bloggers and community managers are new roles that feature a lot of professionals.
- Advanced Therapeutic Aspects for Addiction Recovery
Session Introduction
Lemarie Linda
University of Neuchatel, Switzerland
Title: Gambling advertising and the development of gambling addiction
Biography:
Linda LEMARIE obtained her MD from Paris-Dauphine University in France and her Ph.D. from HEC Montréal Canada. She started her research on gambling addiction during her Ph.D. in partnership with the National Public Health Institute of Quebec and continued as a professor at the EHESP School of Public Health-France. She is now an assistant professor in Switzerland at the University of Neuchatel. She is involved in several research programs aiming to analyze how media influence unhealthy and risky behaviors and also to develop strategies to minimize this influence. Her work has been published in journals such as Journal of Business Research or Recherche et Applications en Marketing (RAM) and presented in premier conferences such as ICAP (International Congress of Applied Psychology), AMA Marketing and Public Policy or AMS World Marketing Congress.
Abstract:
For industry officials and gambling defenders, gambling is an effective way to create jobs and to raise revenue without raising taxes. However, these benefits come with a hefty social and economic price tag. The growing of legalized gambling brings an increase in the number of addicted gamblers with what it all means: higher indebtedness and bankruptcy rates as well as increased divorces, suicides, and gambling-related crimes. Pathological gambling is recognized as an impulse disorder since 1980 (DSM IV – American Psychiatric Association, 1994). The reasons why gamblers become addicted are complex. There is some research-based evidence that gamblers are influenced in part by their social and physical environment. However, non-profit organizations, public agencies, and researchers are focusing their attention on another possible cause of problem gambling development, which is gambling advertising. In response to these accusations, some gambling companies have developed their own program of prevention designed to educate people, especially gamblers, about the harmful effects of heavy gambling. The main goals of this presentation will be first to review the literature on pathological gambling and to expose the different categories of pathological gamblers, second to explain how messages sent by the gambling industry through gambling advertising and marketing impact on these different types of pathological gamblers and, third to open the discussion on anti-gambling programs developed by the gambling industry. Are they effective? Do they need to be encouraged or stopped? What kind of problem can emerge from these individual initiatives? The final discussion will enlarge the results to others types of behavioral addictions and especially food addiction.
Norman Miller
Central Michigan University, USA
Title: Do Current Policy and Practices for Prescribing Opioid Medications Solve Chronic Pain Problems
Biography:
Norman S. Miller, MD, JD, PLLC, is the Medical Director, Detoxification and Residential Pro¬grams, Bear River Health at Walloon Lake; and the President, Health Advocates PLLC. Umer Farooq, MD, is a Clinical Assistant Professor, Michigan State University College of Human Medi¬cine; and the Director, Dual Diagnosis Program, Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services.
Abstract:
Despite the widespread prescribing of opioid medications for the treatment of chronic pain there is little or no evidence for its efficacy. In fact, the studies show that long-term prescribing of opioid medications leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The Controlled Substance Laws define prescription opioid medication as dangerous and addicting medications. Despite the classification and scheduling of opioid medication, their prescribing continues to be widespread and adverse. Of central importance is there are few studies of the addicting properties that drive the high rates of prescribing and adverse consequences. It is a myth that most people treated with opioids never become addicted and addiction does not develop if you are prescribing for pain.
Jonathan Chick
Edinburgh Napier University, UK
Title: Diagnostic definitions affect evaluations of alcohol problems treatment and their extrapolation to clinical practice
Biography:
Professor Chick is a practising psychiatrist and Medical Director at the internationally renowned addiction treatment Castle Craig Hospital. As Visiting Professor at Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, his current research is into the effects of pricing legislation on alcohol harms. He has led numerous randomised controlled studies into treatments for alcohol problems- both psychological and pharmacological - for alcohol problems, and cautions regarding use of psychiatric medications in some populations of patients. He is Chief Editor of the international journal Alcohol and Alcoholism. He has been an advisor to the World Health Organization and government departments in UK, Australia, Canada, USA and Brazil. He has served as a Trustee for Alcoholics Anonymous (UK).
Abstract:
One objective of a diagnostic system is to provide precision of diagnosis for use when selecting appropriate treatments. Correspondingly precision in diagnosis is essential for devising clinical trials, whether these be medications or psychological therapies. The increasing associated use of other addictive substances along with alcohol plus co-existing mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders and trauma-related illness add to the need for precision of diagnosis when potential treatments are being tested, and the results extrapolated to clinical practice. This presentation will examine current practice in diagnostic assessment in clinical trials on alcohol use disorders, and will explore how the different diagnostic entities in DSM 5 and draft ICD 11 might affect diagnostic precision and case selection in clinical trials. Negative trials of treatments previously found to be effective serve to illustrate this, and examples will be described.
Jennifer Kuvin
Renowned speaker in trauma, USA
Title: Embracing the Paradigm Shift: From Victim to Visionary
Biography:
Rabbi Jenny Skylark Kuvin, is a world renowned sacred teacher, healer and advisor, specializing in trauma, addiction, and self-esteem issues. Prior to attending seminary, an attorney, she has been an active member of the Florida Bar since 1996. She teaches on Spirituality for the American Bar Association and Tennessee Lawyers Assistance Program. Her first book, The Terrible and Wonderful, Ugly and Beautiful Story of My Life So Far, has helped many sufferers from trauma and addiction all over the world. Rabbi Jenny has traveled the world studying with the best spiritual and energy healers and teachers of indigenous cultures and remains passionate and centered in her mission to help others heal from the past and realize their divinity. She attended Seminary at the Rabbinical Seminary International and studied under 4th generational Hungarian Kabbalist and mystical Rebbe Joseph Gelberman. Rabbi Jenny has worked in the field of addiction for many years and currently works as a Spiritual Therapist at Dream Recovery in Boca Raton, Florida. She offers seminars in Spirituality and has recently created AHAVATAR Therapy Certification program for teaching all healing professionals to add Spirituality to their programs. Rabbi Jenny is currently Executive Director of Epiphany Resources Treatment Center implementing her spiritualing and empowerment model.
Abstract:
Rabbi Jenny will provide a clear definition of spirituality and explain it’s central role in the effective treatment of addiction. She will explain the similarities between the victim mindset and that of addiction and how reframing this will clear many blocks to successful recovery. In this comprehensive and ground breaking presentation Rabbi Jenny provides healing solutions for those who treat addiction to assist those suffering in reconnecting to the world, the self, and the divine. Participants will learn various tools, such as meditation, prayer, and creative exercises utilizing mythology, archetypal language, nature, and traditional religious reference, to use in conjunction with those modalities already in practice, including traditional medical and psychotherapeutic methods.
Edward Korzus
University of California Riverside, USA
Title: Abnormal interactions of neurodevelopment with drugs of abuse trigger permanent deficit in the endocannabinoid system-dependent brain natural ability to alter and protect itself
Biography:
Dr. Korzus is an Assistant Professor in Neuroscience and Psychology at University of California Riverside. He completed his Ph.D. in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry at the University of Georgia-Athens. Dr. Korzus completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Howard Hughes Medical Institute at University of California San Diego and is the recipient of numerous Medical Research Awards. Currently, he is a P.I. of the National Mental Health Institute’s research program “Prefrontal circuit and function in memory accuracy” and the holder of NARSAD Award.
Abstract:
Cannabis abuse is considered to be the serious, if not the greatest known environmental risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. Individuals who are exposed to cannabis experience variety of psychoactive effects such as general alteration of conscious perception, euphoria, problems with social interactions, memory and learning, and occasionally anxiety and paranoia. Our research indicates that abnormal interactions of neurodevelopment with the environment triggered by drugs of abuse during neonatal or adolescent periods may permanently impair brain function including the brain natural ability to alter and protect itself, i.e. endocannabinoid system (eCB)-dependent inherent neuroprotection of circuit integrity and neuroplasticity. The eCB system represents a major activity-dependent regulatory system in the central nervous system and has been implicated in multiple brain functions, including synaptic plasticity and the homeostatic regulation of network activity patterns. Noteworthy, deficiency in eCB signaling found in developmental model for psychosis is associated with abnormalities in prefrontal cortex-dependent fear discrimination learning. We also show that mouse model of adolescent cannabis abuse shows deficits in an endocannabinoid -mediated signaling and neuroplasticity in adult prefrontal cortex, a brain region encompassing neural circuit for decision-making. Blockade of the primary gene product responsible for degrading the endogenous endocannabinoid, with the specific drug ameliorates these deficits. The observed deficit in endocannabinoid-dependent signaling in the brain may represent a neural maladaptation underlying cortical network instability and abnormal cognitive functioning triggered by overactive CB1 receptor during adolescence. The validity of these observations to human conditions relies on their criteria and translating data obtained in mouse to human behavior and physiology. These results suggest that transiently overactive CB1 receptor in the brain during adolescence leads to permanent alterations in the endocannabinoid system dependent signaling and neuroplasticity. Cannabis abuse during adolescence increases the risk of schizophrenia, which involves developmental maladaptations in neural circuitry that result in impaired brain functioning. In addition, the endocannabinoid system is altered in the brains of people with schizophrenia. These findings provide additional insights into the pathological processes related to increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders and point towards developing new treatment strategies.
Adeela saba,
Global welfare organization, Pakistan
Title: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers
Biography:
He completed bachelor degree in Law on 2006. After fi nished I had experience in Research about Drug, substances, game and Internet addict. Then he completed
Master degree in Addiction Studies from Mahidol University, Thailand on 2015. Right now he is a researcher at ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol
University, Thailand. My research fi elds are Policy and community based drug rehabilitation.
Abstract:
Drug and substance abuse, including tobacco and alcohol, are a cause of deaths. Th e global demand for drugs has not been
substantially reduced and so some challenges exist in the implementation of the drug control system, in the violations
generated by drug traffi cking of illicit drugs, in the fast evolving nature of new psychoactive substances, and those in national
legislative measures, which may result in a violation of human rights. Th roughout the world of narcotics traffi cking, world
heroin consumption (340 tons) and seizures represent an annual fl ow of 430-450 tons of heroin into the global heroin market.
People experiment with drugs for many diff erent reasons, and many of them fi rst try drugs out of curiosity, to relax and have a
good time, visibility from friends and peer encouragement, enhance athletic performance and activity, and/or to ease problems
with prolonged stress, anxiety, or depression. Th ey probably start from smoking to hard drugs, which cannot be controlled
when addicted, which leads to drug abuse. Th e Gateway Hypothesis was fi rst proposed by Denise Kandel in 1975 in her article
“Stages in Adolescent Involvement in Drug Use”, which entails the idea of the logical sequence that users of hard drugs (cocaine
and heroin) begin with licit substances (alcohol and tobacco) to marijuana and ends with harder illicit substances. Th is study
was to examine the gateway drug theory in order to determine which drug (alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana) is the actual
“gateway” that leads to additional substance use in patients. Th e cross-sectional studies were used and data were collected, in
which the calculated numbers of the sample size were 440 cases. Th e questionnaires were supplied to drug addict patients at
Princess Mother National Institute on Drug Abuse Treatment. Th e reliability of the values were calculated to be greater than
0.7. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. P value < 0.05 is considered statistically signifi cant.
Th e results showed ages of between 18-56 years old. Age of onset was 17 years old. Th is result confi rmed the gateway
theory, in which 3 patterns of the gateway were found respectively as follows: Cigarette - Alcohol - Methamphetamine (27.0%,
P value < 0.05), Cigarette - Alcohol - Marijuana (18.6%, P value < 0.05), Cigarette - Methamphetamine - Crystal Ice (10.2%, P
value < 0.05). Research found that knowledge and attitude are not statistically and signifi cantly associated with the pattern of
cigarette - alcohol - methamphetamine.
In conclusion, this is the fi rst study on patient abuse that shows the gateway theory. Th e present study examined the extent
and ordering of licit and illicit drug use. Th e typical gateway sequences of patients were cigarettes prior to illicit drugs. While
previous studies have consistently documented that the use of an earlier substance in the gateway sequence predicts progression
to use of later substances. Th e recommendations from the studies were focusing on drug prevention in Th ai children.
David McCauley,
Oak valley Foundation, USA
Title: Approaches for addiction treatment: The freedom of choice today
Biography:
Adeela Saba has completed advance Diploma in Clinical Psychology from University of Sargodha, Pakistan. She is working as Psychologist at Global Welfare
Organization, Pakistan.
Abstract:
The present study explored the effi cacy of Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique
(EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers. It was hypothesized that Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy
(REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) are likely to be more eff ective for dealing craving then Rational Emotive
Behavior Th erapy (REBT). Repeated measure research design was employed and non probability purposive sampling was
used to draw a sample of 20 patients who had undergone treatment for substance used disorder from addiction wards, Punjab
Institute of Mental health (PIMH) and Fountain House, Lahore. Demographic Information Sheet, History take examination
and Brief Substance Craving scale (BSCS) were used to assess demographic information, history of patients related to drug
abuse and craving level (before and aft er the treatment). T test indicated that REBT with EFT is more eff ective for dealing
craving than REBT. Th e present study contributes for the importance of eclectic approach in the treatment through this
approach patients gain help for controlling craving issue not only for physical craving as well as psychological craving with
very short of time.
- Marijuana and Opioid Addiction
Session Introduction
Adeela saba
Global welfare organization, Pakistan
Title: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers
Biography:
Adeela Saba has completed advance Diploma in Clinical Psychology from University of Sargodha, Pakistan. She is working as Psychologist at Global Welfare
Organization, Pakistan.
Abstract:
The present study explored the effi cacy of Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique
(EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers. It was hypothesized that Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy
(REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) are likely to be more eff ective for dealing craving then Rational Emotive
Behavior Th erapy (REBT). Repeated measure research design was employed and non probability purposive sampling was
used to draw a sample of 20 patients who had undergone treatment for substance used disorder from addiction wards, Punjab
Institute of Mental health (PIMH) and Fountain House, Lahore. Demographic Information Sheet, History take examination
and Brief Substance Craving scale (BSCS) were used to assess demographic information, history of patients related to drug
abuse and craving level (before and aft er the treatment). T test indicated that REBT with EFT is more eff ective for dealing
craving than REBT. Th e present study contributes for the importance of eclectic approach in the treatment through this
approach patients gain help for controlling craving issue not only for physical craving as well as psychological craving with
very short of time.
Namita Saini Singh
Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, India
Title: White matter structural damage results in memory decline and impaired visual information processing in abstinent chronic alcoholics as seen on DTI
Biography:
Namita Singh now working as Scientist ‘E’ at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Delhi. She earned her MBBS degree from Lady Hardinge
Medical College, Delhi University, India in 1990. She has done her MD in Radio-diagnosis from Delhi University in 1999. She had served with Indian Army Medical
Corps from 1992 to 2002 and joined INMAS in 2004 where she is working in the NMR Department housing a 3T MRI from Siemens (Skyra). Her current interest
involves studying cognitive impairment in alcoholic subjects, HIV positive subjects using advanced MR imaging t.echniques. She has also conducted research on
spinal tuberculosis using DTI.
Abstract:
Chronic alcohol abuse is characterized by impaired cognitive abilities with a more severe defi cit in visual than in verbal
function.
Using DTI we found evidence of microstructural defi cits in abstinent alcoholic men in white matter tracts of the right
hemisphere. We found inverse correlation of FA with memory dysfunction scores in white matter tracts associated with reward
circuitry suggesting that white matter defi cit could contribute to memory decline in chronic alcoholics.
Neuropsychological tests to assess visual processing skills and defi cits were correlated with Fractional Anisotropy and
Mean Diff usivity in the inferior and superior fronto-occipital fasciculus. We found reduced FA and increased MD in these
tracts. FA showed an inverse correlation while MD showed a direct correlation with neuropsychological tests.
Further spectroscopy studies at our centre also showed a signifi cant increase in Cho/Cr and myo-inositol /creatine ratios
while NAA/Cr and Glutamate-Glutamine/Creatine were signifi cantly decreased. Th e results suggest that metabolic alterations
in the primary visual cortex may contribute to neuropsychological impairment in visual information processing.
WK Tang
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
Title: Evidence of brain damage in chronic ketamine users – a brain imaging study
Biography:
Francisco Jos Montero Bancalero, from Spain, studied psychology at Seville University and obtained his doctorate at Huelva University. He is currently a professor
at Osuna University His professional career started in the fi eld of addictions working as a therapist in an outpatient treatment center, and then he began to participate
in different investigation projects. He has long been interested in female alcoholism, working on it both as a researcher and therapist. He received funding from
the Andalusian government to carry out an investigation comparing alcoholism by gender. In a therapeutic context he has managed group therapy for alcoholic
women. He has become a member of the National Hispanic Science Network on Drug Abuse and has presented his research at different international conferences.
Abstract:
In recent decades, female alcoholism (FA) has become a growing phenomenon in Spain. Changes in the traditional family
structure and the assumption of typically male roles by women have contributed to the current situation. However, the
features and meaning of female alcoholism are diff erent from males. Jellinek (1960) described diff erent profi les for alcoholism,
but we have to consider him specifi c nature of alcoholism when women are considered. First, FA is underconsidered because
it remains hidden much more time. As a result, the time needed to access treatment is longer than for men, and the associated
damage is greater. It is important to highlight that women suff er a greater social stigma than men. Most of the time, women are
expected to fulfi ll their responsibilities despite their addiction disease, but the same is not expected of men.
Etiological factors are also diff erent when you look at FA. 50% of alcoholic women were victims of family violence in
childhood and married an alcoholic husband.
One of the most important factors that point to the need for a specifi c approach to FA is that special treatment programs
aimed at alcoholic women achieve better results than programs without a gender perspective.
As with men, diff erent profi les can be identifi ed when FA is considered. Based on our own experience, we suspected the
existence of two other profi les for FA that would show the complexity of this phenomenon. On the one hand, we observed a
profi le mainly associated with a particular stage of the family life cycle, featuring a middle-aged woman whose alcohol problems
get worse when children leave the family home. On the other hand, we suspected another profi le particularly associated with
a broken home, characterized by a woman that develops an early problematic consumption of alcohol, together with a higher
rate of psychopathological comorbidity
Qudsia Nashee
University of the Punjab, Pakistan
Title: Traumatic experiences in childhood and coping strategies among drug addicts
Biography:
Qudsia Nashee completed her Mphil in Applied psychology from Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. She is working as
psychologist and visiting lecturer at present. She has experience of fi ve years in drug addiction rehabilitation and treatment.
Abstract:
The present study explored the relationship between traumatic experiences in childhood and coping strategies among
drug addicts. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be relationship between traumatic experiences in childhood and
coping strategies among drug addicts. Correlational research design was employed and non probability purposive sampling
was used to draw a sample of 80 participants from addiction centers, Fountain House, Emaan Clinic, Silver lining and Pak
Clinic Lahore. Demographic Information Sheet, Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (Bremner, Bolus, & Mayer,
2007), Brief Cope were used to assess demographic information, traumatic experiences in childhood and coping strategies
respectively. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a signifi cant positive relationship between traumatic experiences in
childhood and coping strategies. Emotional abuse showed a signifi cant positive relationship with humor coping. Sexual abuse
showed a signifi cant positive relationship with self distracting and substance use coping. General traumas showed a signifi cant
negative relationship with positive reframing coping. Physical punishment showed no relationship with subscales of Brief cope.
Th e study contributes for development of better patient’s treatment plans and recovery and also provides literature for new
researchers to work in this area and create awareness about coping styles.
David McCauley
Oak valley Foundation, USA
Title: Approaches for addiction treatment: The freedom of choice today
Biography:
David E McCauley is the Author of Addiction to Recovery / Unlocking your Potential.This book has been featured on TV Healthy Lifestyles with Eraldo. David began
working in the fi eld of substance use disorders in 1991. Working in St. Clair's Hospital detox unit while studying at Rutgers University and earning his certifi cation
in alcohol and drug counseling as well as becom-ing a certifi ed social worker. He later moved on to an outpatient facility then worked with the Division of Youth and
Family Services before opening his own outpatient program (Life Skills Counseling in 1998. In recovery since 1989 David brings in the accumulation of existential
reali-zation, many resources, years in recovery, education, insights and years working in the fi eld, with all adepts in the goal of personal transformation from
addiction to recovery. An integrated approach to living in wellness of recovery by reframing the process in such a way that the right interpretation by the individual
will help recovery click into place. Currently working on forth-coming book, Recovery: What Cost so Little is Worth so Much. This book will provide a new optimistic
outlook as a guide for the unwary who have failed at recovery in the past and those coming into recovery for the fi rst time.
Abstract:
With the freedom of choice today we must look at all approaches for Addiction Treatment for the individual. Th e models
include Twelve-Step programs, Smart Recovery, Motivational Th erapy, Holistic Approach, Religious Approach, Rational
Recovery, One-on-One Counseling Approach, and individuals who stop on their own, who have great insight to off er. What we
need to celebrate is the self-discovery of the individual, with that in mind we must look at always in which an individual can be
relieved of a lifestyle of addiction. Th is presentation will also include an introduction to the insight of the book Addiction to
Recovery / Unlocking your Potential this book is a doorway that leaves an open mind to a higher more integrated way of living.
With the concept that all change starts in the mind, in order to have a breakthrough in recovery, it requires a shift of awareness
and consciousness in the individual- a shift in how we deal with our problems. All answers lie in the discovery of our inner
freedom, with the freedom of choice the individual will have many reasons to feel optimistic about their life and their future.
Addiction to Recovery is a book of knowledge about life in recovery. Bringing the mind, body, soul and self together as one in
order to have a breakthrough in recovery. In recovery the individual must heal what is broken, one must start with the inner
core of their being. Our answers to many questions of life lie in our soul, buried under the wounds of our past and present.
Th ey must be revealed and understood, and learn from released and “let go of for good.” One must rise from the unconscious
addictive thinking into conscious thinking, where recovery is given meaning and purpose, thus enhancing the individuals life.
It is in essential key to happiness, inner peace and freedom in recovery.
Adeela saba
Global welfare organization, Pakistan
Title: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers
Biography:
Adeela Saba has completed advance Diploma in Clinical Psychology from University of Sargodha, Pakistan. She is working as Psychologist at Global Welfare
Organization, Pakistan.
Abstract:
The present study explored the effi cacy of Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy (REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique
(EFT) for dealing substance craving among substance abusers. It was hypothesized that Rational Emotive Behavior Th erapy
(REBT) with Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) are likely to be more eff ective for dealing craving then Rational Emotive
Behavior Th erapy (REBT). Repeated measure research design was employed and non probability purposive sampling was
used to draw a sample of 20 patients who had undergone treatment for substance used disorder from addiction wards, Punjab
Institute of Mental health (PIMH) and Fountain House, Lahore. Demographic Information Sheet, History take examination
and Brief Substance Craving scale (BSCS) were used to assess demographic information, history of patients related to drug
abuse and craving level (before and aft er the treatment). T test indicated that REBT with EFT is more eff ective for dealing
craving than REBT. Th e present study contributes for the importance of eclectic approach in the treatment through this
approach patients gain help for controlling craving issue not only for physical craving as well as psychological craving with
very short of time.
Biography:
He completed bachelor degree in Law on 2006. After fi nished I had experience in Research about Drug, substances, game and Internet addict. Then he completed
Master degree in Addiction Studies from Mahidol University, Thailand on 2015. Right now he is a researcher at ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol
University, Thailand. My research fi elds are Policy and community based drug rehabilitation.
Abstract:
Drug and substance abuse, including tobacco and alcohol, are a cause of deaths. Th e global demand for drugs has not been
substantially reduced and so some challenges exist in the implementation of the drug control system, in the violations
generated by drug traffi cking of illicit drugs, in the fast evolving nature of new psychoactive substances, and those in national
legislative measures, which may result in a violation of human rights. Th roughout the world of narcotics traffi cking, world
heroin consumption (340 tons) and seizures represent an annual fl ow of 430-450 tons of heroin into the global heroin market.
People experiment with drugs for many diff erent reasons, and many of them fi rst try drugs out of curiosity, to relax and have a
good time, visibility from friends and peer encouragement, enhance athletic performance and activity, and/or to ease problems
with prolonged stress, anxiety, or depression. Th ey probably start from smoking to hard drugs, which cannot be controlled
when addicted, which leads to drug abuse. Th e Gateway Hypothesis was fi rst proposed by Denise Kandel in 1975 in her article
“Stages in Adolescent Involvement in Drug Use”, which entails the idea of the logical sequence that users of hard drugs (cocaine
and heroin) begin with licit substances (alcohol and tobacco) to marijuana and ends with harder illicit substances. Th is study
was to examine the gateway drug theory in order to determine which drug (alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana) is the actual
“gateway” that leads to additional substance use in patients. Th e cross-sectional studies were used and data were collected, in
which the calculated numbers of the sample size were 440 cases. Th e questionnaires were supplied to drug addict patients at
Princess Mother National Institute on Drug Abuse Treatment. Th e reliability of the values were calculated to be greater than
0.7. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. P value < 0.05 is considered statistically signifi cant.
Th e results showed ages of between 18-56 years old. Age of onset was 17 years old. Th is result confi rmed the gateway
theory, in which 3 patterns of the gateway were found respectively as follows: Cigarette - Alcohol - Methamphetamine (27.0%,
P value < 0.05), Cigarette - Alcohol - Marijuana (18.6%, P value < 0.05), Cigarette - Methamphetamine - Crystal Ice (10.2%, P
value < 0.05). Research found that knowledge and attitude are not statistically and signifi cantly associated with the pattern of
cigarette - alcohol - methamphetamine.
In conclusion, this is the fi rst study on patient abuse that shows the gateway theory. Th e present study examined the extent
and ordering of licit and illicit drug use. Th e typical gateway sequences of patients were cigarettes prior to illicit drugs. While
previous studies have consistently documented that the use of an earlier substance in the gateway sequence predicts progression
to use of later substances. Th e recommendations from the studies were focusing on drug prevention in Th ai children.
Biography:
Michael Judd is a Certifi ed Recovery Advisor, Certifi ed Recovery Support Specialist, WRAP Facilitator, CCAR Recovery Coach. Using personal experience and
evidence based practices to affect positive changes in those individuals suffering from chemical dependence. A Certifi ed Facilitator offering trainings in evidence
based practices such as WRAP, Wraparound, Motivational Interviewing, Recovery Coaching, and Alternatives to Violence.
Abstract:
Addiction is increasingly conceptualized as a chronic disease, yet the current addiction treatment system is largely based
upon an acute model. Th is current model consists of costly residential care and is followed by intensive outpatient
programs. Th e model has been eff ective for some but could be more successful with a continual evaluation and modifi cation
to an individual’s needs. Due to the high demand for individuals needing treatment, current inpatient and outpatient services
aim to develop a one size fi ts all approach. Th is type of approach touches the greatest amount of individuals at the lowest
cost to already strained budgets. Nevertheless, the cost savings is front loaded and short term. Readmission rates, healthcare
treatment and judicial costs continue to rise. Th e current treatment model cannot meet the challenges unique to each client.
Th e need for recovery support, relapse prevention, assessing and addressing environmental and social barriers, as well as
integration back into the home and the community has been a challenge for traditional treatment methods.
Traditionally, individuals were expected to fi t into routines and practices that treatment providers referred them to.
However, recent studies have revealed the eff ectiveness in a new collaborative approach to address these barriers and has
proven to be an eff ective method for addressing each individual’s unique set of challenges. Th is new model off ers higher
percentages of long term success, which directly impacts savings to the behavioral health, healthcare and the judicial systems,
and is comparative to current treatment costs to the consumer. It also assigns to each client a personal highly specialized multidisciplinary
team made up of a Psychiatrist (MD), a registered nurse (RN), a licensed clinician (LCSW, LMFT), and a certifi ed
recovery advisor (CRA) who utilizes life experience. All team members work collaboratively to assess and develop a unique
person centered treatment plan that addresses the multi-dimensional needs of the client within their natural environment
Tracy L Hellem
University of Utah’s College of Nursing, USA
Title: What does the hamilton depression rating scale measure in methamphetamine users
Biography:
Tracy L Hellem completed the PhD program at the University of Utah’s College of Nursing in 2015. She has worked with methamphetamine users with comorbid
depression for 5 years. She has authored 14 manuscripts of systematic reviews, clinical trials and magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. Dr. Hellem is an
Assistant Professor at Montana State University’s College of Nursing where she conducts a clinical trial of comorbid depression and anxiety among individuals
who use methamphetamine.
Abstract:
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) is widely used in studies to measure change in the severity of depression.
Th ere are reports of established reliability and validity of the HAMD in both inpatient and outpatient psychiatric patients.
However, there are no published psychometric studies of the HAMD in a methamphetamine using population. Given that
the symptoms of depression and intoxication or withdrawal from methamphetamine overlap, it is possible that the HAMD
does not measure severity of depression in individuals who use methamphetamine. Th us, we are conducting a psychometric
evaluation of the HAMD in methamphetamine users with and without depression. Th is evaluation is currently underway, and
we anticipate having results in 6-8 weeks.
Hadis yousef
Mohaghegh Ardebili University, Iran
Title: The effect of self-control training on alexithymia and tempting ideas in drug-dependent patients
Biography:
Hadis Yousefi has completed her master degree at the age of 26 years from Mohaghegh Ardebili University in Iran. She is working and do research in the fi eld of
addiction for more than years. She already works in "Salamat" addiction remedy center in Iran.
Abstract:
The aim of the present paper is to study the eff ectiveness of self-control training on alexithymia and tempting ideas in drugdependent
patients. Method: this research is performed using pretesting and post testing plan with control group. Th e
statistical society in this research constitutes all addicted male individuals who voluntarily visited a detoxifi cation centers in
Tehran in 2013. Th e research sample includes 50 addicted men who were chosen by clinical randomly assigned into the two
“test” and “control” groups. Th e test group received self-control training for 10 sessions of 45 minutes. To collect the data, we
used the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (short version), Toronto Alexithymia Scale, scale tempting ideas, and morphine
test. Results: the results of the monotype variance analysis (MANOVA) showed that self-control training has been eff ective
on emotional well-being of individuals who are dependent on drugs. Discussion: emotional problems are among the most
signifi cant factors involved in drug-addiction; drug abusers have considerable problems in regulating and managing their
emotions. Self-control skills and the ability to manage one’s emotions can help people, in situations with high risk of substance
abuse, to acquire coping strategies, to better withstand the unwanted pressure from their friends, and to control their own
emotions more eff ectively, all resulting in demonstrating a higher resistance to drug consumption.
Biography:
Peuschel has studied medicine and molecular biology at the University of Zurich, as well as psychiatry and psychotherapy at the University of Lausanne. She has
completed her MD from the University of Zurich, has worked in research in molecular biology at the University of Zurich and has obtained federal diplomas in general
medicine as well as in psychiatry and psychotherapy. She is currently head of department at the Meissenberg Clinic in Zug, Switzerland. She has published 7 papers
indexed in PubMed, she has been presenting her work at various conferences, and has been invited to conferences in Europe, the US, China, Japan, Thailand, India
and the United Arab Emirates.
Abstract:
Psychotherapy of unresolved emotional confl icts may be used to effi ciently treat dissociative disorder. Th is is based on the
assumption that dissociation is caused by severe confl icts with perpetrators and that resolution of confl icts may alleviate
symptoms. Confl icts with perpetrators as well as with passive participants are treated equally, starting with the more severe
confl icts with perpetrators, since they appear to be related to the most severe symptoms. Dissociative disorder may be present
in addiction and may be suspected in patients consuming heavier drugs, especially heroine or methadone. Dissociative
disorder in addiction may be more psycho form and therefore much less obvious to diagnose than somatoform dissociation,
but can be diagnosed with tests of dissociation like the DES, the S.D.Q.-20, and the SCID-D. Patients with addiction have been
treated with psychotherapy of unresolved emotional confl icts controlling the success of psychotherapy via the disappearance of
dissociative personalities in a safe place scenario, as well as through monitoring of reduced psychiatric symptoms and auditive
hallucinations, sometimes manifesting up to several weeks aft er a psychotherapy session. Additive hallucinations were related
to specifi c dissociative or so-called emotional personalities. Negative emotions linked to specifi c dissociative personalities may
be creating a constant urge to the continued use of drugs in addiction.
Biography:
He completed bachelor degree in nurse on 2008, Japan. He had experience in Mental Health Hospital from 2008 - 2011. He got Scholarship as volunteer for health
promotion in South Africa from 2011 - 2013. He worked for Japan government as a public health nurse from 2013 – 2015. Right now I am a master student of
Addiction Studies Program, ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University. His research fi eld is the area of prevention and treatment in Addiction. I
am interesting in research about drug and alcohol addiction.
Abstract:
There have been huge concerns that a growing number of children are aff ected by parental substance misuse, and policy
and practice increasingly recognize the need to tackle the problems that causes children of substance misusers are at risk
from emotional and physical neglect, and of developing serious emotional and social problems themselves later in life. In
the previous researches, adversity and stress can come in the shape of family or relationship problems, health problems, or
workplace and fi nancial worries, among others and a review of the literature on resilience provides guidelines for minimizing
risks and promoting positive outcomes for children and youths. Th erefore, research and practice have been focusing more
and more on ‘resilience’, those aspects of the child’s life, relationships and choices that protect them against risk. Th us, the aim
of this research is to examine the characteristics of child resilience related to family substance misuse to contribute toward
buff ering the risk of children living in the adversity family.
Th e results recommend the relationship among family members will help to build and strengthen the capacity of resilience
among the children of addicted parents. In addition benefi cial of understanding and useful theoretical context of child resilience
will help to clarify the resilience strategy and construct the ideal and appropriate support system for the health and wellbeing
of children, their family and community as well even for the practitioners who are striving to seek for the benefi t of them in
various organizations.
Zelalem Ayele
Gonder University, Ethiopia
Title: The effect of acute exposure to crude khat extract on schizophrenia in mice using multiple t- maze test
Biography:
Zelalem Mekonnen Ayele has completed his MPH (Master of public health) from Gonder University. He is now working in MSF_H as Healthcare researcher and
epidemiologist. He has published three research papers.
Abstract:
Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder which is characterized by the inability to separate reality from non reality. Symptoms
may include delusions, hallucinations or disorganized thinking. Cognitive dysfunction is considered a core defi cit of
schizophrenia. Khat (Catha edulis F.) is an evergreen tree that belongs to celestraceae family. It is claimed to have schizophrenic
like eff ect. Th e aim of this study was to investigate the potential schizophrenic inducing eff ect of acute administration of crude
khat extract in mice. Crude khat extract obtained using a mixture of chloroform and diethyl ether (1:3) was administered orally
in doses of 100, 200, 300 mg/kg, the negative and positive control groups were administered with Tween 80 2% v/v in water and
ketamine 10 mg/kg respectively. Multiple T-maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function and the latency to reach the
goal box was determined. Th e results collectively indicate acute administration of khat extract at the doses used did not have a
signifi cant cognitive eff ect in MTM test.
Akalewerk Delelegn Wegayehu
Universal University College, Ethiopia
Title: Factors associated with alcohol use among youths in Addis Ababa
Biography:
Akalewerk Delelegn Wegayehu has completed his BSc. in Clinical Nursing at age of 25 at Universal University College. He is now assistance instructor and
academic program Offi cer in Universal University College. He has published three papers in local and international journals.
Abstract:
Background: Alcohol consumption at a young age increases the risk of developing alcohol related problems later in life, poor
academic performance and increased risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases or other psychiatric
disorders such as lethargy, hopelessness and insomnia.
Methods: Health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa Ethiopia from January 15 – March 20,
2012. A sample size of 410 was calculated by Epi-info stat calc and stratifi ed sampling technique was used. Multivariate logistic
regression and Cox regression was used to assess the degree of association between dependent and independent variables.
Results: A total of 148 (36.5%) youths were found to be alcohol users and 104 (25.7%) of them were HIV positive. Alcohol
use was positively associated with being male [OR & (95%CI) = 1.989(1.061, 3.728) ], khat use [OR & (95%CI) = 5.551(3.016,
10.216) ], not having comprehensive knowledge on HIV [OR & (95%CI) = 1.899 (1.024, 3.520)], HIV positive status [OR &
(95%CI) = 5.645(2.854, 11.165) ], being merchant [OR & (95%CI) =10.254(2.366, 24.446) ] and student [OR & (95%CI) =
4.045(1.473, 11.108) ]. Initiation of alcohol use before 18 years was also positively associated with not having comprehensive
knowledge on HIV [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 1.914(1.091, 2.550)], khat use [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 3.050 (2.007, 4.636)], watching
sexual fi lms [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 1.892 (1.032, 3.296) ] living apart from parents [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 2.315 (1.176, 4.558)]
having -monthly income of <= $ 25 [Adj. HR & (95%CI) = 3.187 (1.854, 5.480)] and $ 25.1 - $ 55.5[Adj. HR & (95%CI) =
1.951(1.010, 3.771) ]
Angela D-B Reed
Turning point, INC., USA
Title: TPI goes beyond providing culturally competent to culturally specific
Biography:
Her experience includes working with local and national organizations and institutions as a capacity building assistance provider on Behalf of the Center of
Disease Control (CDC). In this role she assisted individuals, communities, initiatives, and organizations in the development of strategies that foster change, assist in
reaching organizational goals, and address risk determinants.
She has traveled throughout the country teaching interventions that foster behavior change. She provides expertise on logic modeling and program creation.
She work as coordinator with the National Black Alcoholism and Addictions Council with the creation and implementation of national programs with the goal of
establishing support, education, and trainings in order to create change in communities throughout the nation.
She also work with the local culturally specifi c drug rehabilitation clinic Turning Point Inc. as the director of there culturally specifi c support services division in
Minneapolis, MN establishing and maintaining the programing needed to assist individuals in meeting their risk factors and help them establish holistic lifelong goals
for participants, their families and the community.
Abstract:
Presentation of the research fi ndings of a 2015 report linking culturally specifi c programing and practices to research and
theory, created by University of Minnesota’s Program in Health Disparities Research researchers and made possible through
funding by the offi ce for Business and Community Economic Development, Community Health Initiative (CHI).
Th is report is a product of the research partnership between Turning Point, Inc., the University of Minnesota Program
in Health Disparities Research, and the Offi ce for Business and Community Economic Development. Funding was provided
by Medical and the Community Health Initiative. Th e report serves to link existing culturally specifi c practices to published
literature, widely studied theories and models, and specifi c cultural values.
Founded in 1976, Turning Point is a multi-service non-profi t organization whose programs have earned local and national
recognition for being among the fi rst to advance a culturally-specifi c treatment model. Turning Point’s recovery-oriented
system of care provides culturally specifi c and individually tailored approach to service delivery.
Today’s social environment, and the challenges African Americans face, warrant use and revitalization of cultural strengths.
Problems such as drug and alcohol addiction, HIV/AIDS, health disparities, high rates of incarceration, unemployment, and
poverty are severe and complex. In order to provide eff ective services, providers must understand the importance and delivery
of culturally specifi c services and care.
Nasim Vousooghi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: Adulthood paternal and/or maternal exposure to morphine affects memory and drug reinforcing effects in male rat offspring
Biography:
Nasim Vousooghi became Pharm. D. At the age of 26 and completed her PhD of pharmacology at the age of 33 years from Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences. She is working as assistant professor and director of research deputy in the department of neuroscience and addiction studies in Tehran University of
Medical Sciences from 2010 till now. She is also the head of genetics laboratory of the Iranian National Center for addiction studies (INCAS). She has published
more than 20 papers in prestigious journals.
Abstract:
Drug addiction is a multifactorial disorder and is aff ected by genetics, environment, and developmental issues. It has
been shown that epigenetics is critically involved in the addiction process and memory formation in the brain. We have
evaluated passive avoidance memory and morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) in the male off spring of male and/or
female rats with a history of morphine exposure in the adulthood. Adult male and female animals consumed oral morphine
for 3 weeks and then were kept drug free for 10 days. Aft er that, animals were let to mate with either a control or an abstinent
rat. Memory of male off spring was assessed by step through test, and morphine reinforcement was tested with CCP method.
Off spring of morphine exposed parents showed considerable memory defi cit in comparison to the control group which was
more noticeable in the progeny of abstinent mothers. Data of CPP indicated that injection of 7.5 mg/kg morphine that could
meaningfully induce CPP in control rats was not effi cient to cause CPP in the off spring of abstinent rats. While these animals
were conditioned with a greater dose of morphine (10 mg/kg), but, tolerance to the reinforcing eff ects of morphine was more
in the progeny of abstinent mothers compared to the off spring of abstinent fathers. It is concluded that parental morphine
exposure in adulthood even before mating has damaging eff ects on memory of the male progeny and may result in tolerance
to the morphine reinforcing eff ects. Th ese eff ects are more prominent when the morphine exposed parent is the female animal.
Alaaeldin A Elkoussi
University of Assiut, Egypt
Title: Solvent inhalants remarkably alter brain neurotransmitter
Biography:
Elkoussi is a professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology in Assiut College of Medicine. He obtained his PhD in 1972 and in 1982 and 1984 was granted postdoctoral
fellowships in the University of Florida College of Pharmacy. From 1990 to 1994 he worked as a Senior Research Scientist in the Center for Drug Design and
Delivery and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Florida and also worked as pharmacologist and as a regulatory affairs manager in pharmaceutical research
companies in USA and Egypt. In 2002 Prof. Elkoussi obtained a Hubert Humphrey Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University.
He published over 50 manuscripts in international journals and presented several lectures and research work in many international conferences and supervised
several Masters and PhD theses in experimental and clinical pharmacology and toxicology.
Prof. Elkoussi main areas of interest includes: drug abuse, drug design &delivery, drug interactions, biological evaluation of drug activity, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacotherapy, pharmacovigilance as well as phytotherapy.
For the last 2 decades; Prof. Elkoussi has conducted and supervised several research studies and projects on the topic of solvent inhalant abuse; causes, patterns
and signifi cance in different countries.
Abstract:
Solvent inhalant abuse is widely spread allover the world; especially among adolescents. Solvent inhalants were found to be
highly toxic and extremely deleterious to the addicts' health and societies. Numerous studies were undertaken to investigate
the neurophysiologic and biochemical mechanisms through which these substances produce their toxicity. Th is study was
devoted to investigate the eff ect of Toluene on brain neurotransmitters aft er its single and repeated inhalation in rats.
Levels of Glutamate, GABA, dopamine and 5 HT were measured in rat's brain homogenate aft er single and repeated daily
inhalation of Toluene in 2 concentrations.
Results revealed that Toluene signifi cantly (P<0.01) increase the level of glutamate of in rat's brain in a concentrationdependent
manner. Besides, single and repeated daily inhalation of the two concentrations of Toluene signifi cantly decreased
GABA level in rat's brain. Single inhalation of Toluene also increased 5-HT level in rat brain, but this increase was insignifi cant
compared to the control group. However, repeated daily inhalation of the two concentrations of Toluene in both concentrations
signifi cantly increased 5-HT level in rat brain. Both single and repeated daily inhalation of the two concentrations of Toluene
also signifi cantly increased dopamine level in rat’s brain.
Th erefore, single and daily repeated Toluene inhalation signifi cantly alter levels of brain neurotransmitters. Toluene
increases levels of glutamate; the "excitatory" neurotransmitter; and decreases levels of GABA; the "inhibitory" neurotransmitter.
Toluene single and repeated daily inhalation increases 5-HT and dopamine levels in rat’s brain. Th ese results could explain the
various behavioral changes induced by inhalation of this toxic solvent inhalant.
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt
Central Michigan University, USA
Title: Mechanisms of pain and opioid pharmacology
Biography:
Thersilla Oberbarnscheidt is a resident psychiatrist at Central Michigan University, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, MI, USA. Thersilla got her
medical degree from the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel, Germany and did her 4th Year medical training at Yale University, School of Medicine in New Haven,
CT, USA. She received her PhD in Neuroscience from the Christian Albrechts- University in Kiel, Germany. Her thesis was on Phenazone in the treatment of the
acute migraine attack. Cephalalgia. Effi cacy of phenazone in the treatment of acute migraine attacks: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.
Abstract:
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a very common consequence of pain management with opioids. Characteristics of
OIH are worsening pain over time despite an increased dose of the opioid. It is oft en recognized neither by the physician
nor the patient, and it results in increasing doses of opioid medications and continued unsatisfying pain levels experienced
by the patient. Th e increased use of narcotics has a negative impact on patient outcome, as patients suff er from increased pain
levels and oft en develop depression. Patients with OIH require frequent assessment for aberrant behaviors as an indicator of
addictive use. Opioid-seeking behavior may complicate the clinical picture of failed opioid therapy. Th e treatment of OIH is
to discontinue the opioid medication and to treat the patient’s withdrawal symptoms, if necessary, in an inpatient setting with
medical monitoring.
Steven Crain
Pondera Pharmaceuticals, USA
Title: Novel methods that restore balance in the endogenous opioid system reduce drug dependence and tolerance
Biography:
Steven Crain completed his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Duke University in 1980. Since then he has treated thousands of patients with addictions, anxiety,
and depression as Clinical Director of Penn State University’s Center for Counseling and Psychological Services and at Therapeutic Alliance, a community-based
mental health center he established in 1982. In 2009, Dr. Crain co-founded Pondera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. a company dedicated to the development and marketing
of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals for the treatment of addictions, anxiety, and depression. Dr. Crain has co-authored several articles, which summarize their
research and innovative treatments, and has been awarded several patents.
Matthew Crain is completing his honors thesis in Biology at Duke University on the “Impact of early life stress on neural network dysregulation and depression.”
He has been a research assistant at Pondera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. since 2009 where he has collaborated on research on innovative methods to treat anxiety,
depression, and addictions. He is co-author of a 2013 JBBS paper on “Emotional and physical distress relief using a novel endorphinergic formulation.”
Stanley M. Crain completed his Ph.D. in Biophysics from Columbia University in 1954. Dr. Crain is a world-renowned expert in opioid addiction with over 100
publications cited in PubMed and numerous honors and awards. Dr. Crain’s 30+ years of preclinical electrophysiological nerve tissue culture studies led to his
discovery of the imbalances in the endogenous opioid system created by exposure to opioid drugs, which are responsible for the development of tolerance and
dependence. Dr. Crain’s research also led to the discovery of simple methods to restore balance to the endogenous opioid system, thereby reducing tolerance
and dependence. Dr. Crain has been awarded numerous patents. Pain Therapeutics, Inc. and Pondera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. were both founded to translate Dr.
Crain’s groundbreaking discoveries into safe and effective treatments for addictions and anxiety.
Abstract:
Through more than three decades of preclinical and clinical research, our team has discovered that imbalances in the
endogenous opioid system created by exposure to opioid and other drugs are responsible, at least in part, for the development
of drug tolerance, dependence, and addiction. Specifi cally, even short-term use of these drugs can produce excessive excitatory
opioid receptor signaling as well as diminished endorphin production, as initially revealed in our electrophysiological nerve
tissue culture studies. Moreover, our research has led to the discovery of simple methods to restore balance to the endogenous
opioid system, thereby reducing drug tolerance and dependence. We have extensive evidence that the addition of ultralow-
dose naltrexone (ULDN) dramatically reduces tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and other noxious side eff ects of opioid
drugs, including an FDA Phase III trial of 700+ lower-back pain patients. More recent research has found that specifi c
nutraceuticals, such as n-acetyl cysteine, can reduce excessive excitatory opioid receptor signaling, which when combined with
endorphin enhancers, such as caff eine, eff ectively reduce cravings for drugs and alcohol as well as food. In addition, these
novel endorphinergic nutraceutical formulations provide remarkable relief from emotional and physical distress, including
anxiety, obsessions, and compulsions. We also have had extensive experience with the challenges of the drug approval process
in the U.S. including working with the FDA, NIDA, and pharmaceutical companies, as well as the potential advantages of
translating pharmaceutical discoveries to nutraceutical formulations, which do not require FDA approval.
Young S Lee
Manchester University, USA
Title: A mathematical modeling approach to the dynamics of gambling
Biography:
Young Lee completed multiple advanced degrees including her Doctorate of Philosophy in mathematics at University of Wisconsin – Madison. Her research interests
are mathematical biology, scientifi c computation and computer system performance. She has published papers on infectious diseases and socioeconomic dynamics
such as Ebola, H. pylori, juvenile crimes, and gambling using epidemiological models and stability analysis, also on numerical analysis of fi nite difference schemes,
perturbations and fi xed point theory in differential equations. Her models are often discussed both analytically and numerically. She has also worked on queuing
network modeling and simulation and global memory systems in a network of workstations. She has taught mathematics and computer science at Manchester
University since 1998.
Abstract:
We take a mathematical modeling approach to the gambling epidemiology. Two deterministic models with ordinary
diff erential equations are created to study the dynamics of gambling: one is for older adults aged 65-80 with four
compartments; the other population is youth ages 16-24 composed of three classes. Th e models seek to examine dynamics of
the system through stability analysis and a basic reproductive number. A sociological term for a basic reproductive number is
a tipping point because it provides a point at which a stable system turns to an unstable one or vise versa, which is a threshold
condition. All parameters are approximated, and numerical simulations are also explored. Analyses indicate that problem
gambling is present in an endemic state among both older adults and young adults. One of the main goals for the young
adult model is to see how prevalence rates of at-risk gambling and problem gambling change as adolescents enter into young
adulthood. Th e parameters to which the system is most sensitive are identifi ed and are translated to primary prevention for
both models. Prevention and control strategies are discussed: school education on gambling addiction should be off ered for
young adults; a self-exclusion program for older adults, which is used to intervene problem gamblers or pathological gamblers
by allowing them to voluntarily exclude from gambling establishments, should be extended to those who are identifi ed as
potential excessive gamblers. Although research has been active on gambling, this is the fi rst mathematical modeling approach
to study the dynamics of gambling.
- Addiction Psychiatry and Mental Health
Session Introduction
Halley Pontes
Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom
Title: Technological addictions in light of the DSM-5: A psychometric approach
Biography:
Halley M. Pontes is a Portuguese clinical psychologist and doctoral researcher at Nottingham Trent University (United Kingdom). Halley M. Pontes is a graduate member of the British Psychological Society and the Portuguese Society of Clinical Psychology and has published over 30 referred studies such as books, conference papers, original articles, etc., mostly on Internet Addiction and Internet Gaming Disorder in several international specialized journals.
Abstract:
The American Psychiatric Association has published in the latest (fifth) edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) nine potentially useful clinical criteria defining Internet Gaming Disorder. In this context, Internet Gaming Disorder was included in the Section 3 of the DSM-5 as a tentative disorder warranting more research prior definite inclusion in subsequent editions of the DSM. Since then, a few psychometric tools attempting to assess the concepts of gaming addiction and generalized Internet addiction have emerged. In light of this, the aim of the present study is twofold. Firstly, to provide a quick overview on the state of the art regarding the operationalization of the Internet Gaming Disorder criteria to assess both gaming addiction and generalized Internet addiction by conducting a brief literature review on this topic. Secondly, to present the Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20 Test), Internet Gaming Disorder Scale – Short-Form (IGDS9-SF), and the Internet Disorder Scale (IDS-15) which are three newly developed psychometric tools to assess the constructs of gaming addiction and generalized Internet addiction. It is envisaged by the present authors that the results and discussions generated by the presentation of this study will add to the ongoing debates in the field and also provide critical information on the state of the art of two commonly researched behavioral addictions.
Biography:
Doug Paul, LPC has been working on the field of substance use disorders since 2007. He completed his undergraduate work at University of Central Florida. He completed a Master of Science in Rehabilitation Counseling from Georgia State University in 2007. As a Case Manager for Talbott Recovery from 2007-2014, he took a leadership role with development of the Young Adult program. Taking a position in 2014 with Foundations Recovery Network in Roswell, GA, he continues to assist those suffering with addictive disorders with reaching sustained and meaningful recovery through therapy and education. Doug continues to practice his own recovery program over the last 15 years.
Abstract:
With the addition of “cravings†to the DSM V criteria for substance use disorders, it became that much more important to learn new skills to assist our clients in this area. Just as addiction effects every area of life, so too must the approach for cravings management. The goals for this workshop will be to review the literature on cravings management techniques, discuss cravings management medications and elicit a discussion of multi-faceted approaches that have worked for those on the front lines of addiction treatment.
Chimezie Orjiude
College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Nigeria
Title: Knowledge, Pattern and Factors Associated with Substance Abuse Among Out of School Youths
Biography:
Orjiude Chimezie Vivian is a 5th year college student who is working towards becoming a medical doctor and who will be graduating with her MBBS degree in March of 2017 from the University of Lagos in Nigeria. From there she hopes to pursue a masters degree in public health and further her research into substance abuse among youths. As for now, she is taking strives in making her imagination become her reality and making it a point to achieve her goals.
Abstract:
Substance abuse is a contemporary global problem that cuts across different ages and populations. Young people constitute a high risk and vulnerable group. This study focused on determining the level of knowledge, prevalence, pattern and factors associated with substance abuse among out of school youths in motor parks in Lagos State. The substances considered in the study were alcohol, tobacco and cannabis. The study employed a multistage, descriptive cross-sectional method to select 350 out-of-school youths age 10-25 years from seven (7) randomly selected motor parks in Lagos State (Ojota, Yaba, Ikeja, Mushin, Ojuelegba, Obalende and Oshodi). A pretested questionnaire which was intervieweradministered was used to collect data. SPSS version 23 was used in data analysis. Out of the total sample population, males were 90% and females 10%. The mean age of the respondents was 20.76 ± 3.4years. Majority of the respondents had attended a formal school. Meanwhile, the mean age of drop out was 14.89 years. About one-third of the respondents (33.4%) had poor knowledge regarding substance-related health risks. A total of 216 (61.7%) respondents were ever substance users while 53.1% are current users. Age of initiation into substance use was as early as 3years. Peer pressure, stress relieve and fun were the major instigators of substance abuse. Factors associated with substance abuse were: age, gender, religion, ever attended school and knowledge of substance-related health risks. In conclusion, this study revealed that quite a number of the respondents had poor knowledge regarding substance-related health risks. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis in that order were the most abused substances. Furthermore, age, gender, religion, ever attended school and knowledge of health related effects of substance abuse were significantly associated with substance abuse among out of school youths. It is recommended that policies to curb the high prevalence substance abuse need to be initiated and implemented. Additionally, preventive educational campaigns are necessary to stem substance abuse among out of school youths in motor parks.
- Addiction Induced Brain Disorders
Session Introduction
Stephen R. Sroka
Western Reserve University, USA
Title: Relationships-The Power of One to Make a Difference
Biography:
Dr. Sroka’s spirited presentations stressing the Power of One have resulted in guest appearances on many TV programs, including the Oprah Winfrey Show, as well as coverage in many newspapers including USA Today. He received the Outstanding School Health Educator Award from the American School Health Association, was selected the Disney Outstanding Health Teacher of the Year, and was inducted into the National Teachers Hall of Fame.
Abstract:
The U. S. Attorney General has called the rise in overdose deaths from heroin and prescription painkillers an “urgent public health crisis.†According to the CDC, one in five high school students has taken prescription drugs without a doctor’s prescription. And heroin abusers often report that their foray into heroin began with prescription drug abuse. Despite what people think, heroin is an equal opportunity destroyer. Addiction to heroin and other opiates (such as oxycodone, Oxycotin, Percocet and Vicodin) impacts Americans in urban cities, the suburbs and rural areas in every state. Heroin overdose deaths quadrupled from 2002 to 2013 in the US. Many people hold a misconception that drug dependence is a voluntary behavior and moral failure. However, addiction is actually a complex medical issue, not a moral issue. In fact, addiction is a brain disease that can be diagnosed and treated, and treatment makes a difference.
An-Li Wang
University of Pennsylvania, USA
Title: Sustained opioid antagonism increases striatal sensitivity to baby schema in opioid dependent women
Biography:
Following the completion of her doctoral degree in Neuroscience at the University of Oxford, Dr. An-Li Wang joined the University of Pennsylvania. Utilizing state-of-the-art neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) and electroencephalogram (EEG), An-Li has been studied the brain and behavioral effects of opioid treatment on opioid dependent patients, especially to understand how treatment affects patients’ social cognition. Also, An-Li has employed neuroimaging techniques in public health communication research, to investigate whether neural activities in response to persuasive messages could predict long-term behavioral changes, including smoking reduction and condom use. Recently, An-Li was appointed as a Research Assistant Professor at the School of Medicine at Penn and received a K99/R00 award from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Abstract:
Opioid dependence is associated with reduced sensitivity to natural rewards and pro-social deficits, including caregiving. Caring for the young is a fundamental social phenomenon that may be released by typical external appearance characteristic of juvenile animals and humans that are perceived as “cuteâ€. These physical features were defined by Konrad Lorenz as “Baby schemaâ€, which was postulated that it is a “key stimulus†that “releases†a caregiving instinct. Recently, our group found that “Baby schema†activates the ventral striatum, a key component of the brain reward pathway. Naltrexone is a competitive opioid antagonist, that effectively treats opioid addiction by competitive blockade of opioid receptors, primarily of the mu type. Using injectable extended-release preparation (XRNTX), we hypothesized that naltrexone may modulate the baby schema response in opioid addicts. Forty-seven opioid dependent patients and 25 controls underwent two functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions, approximately ten days apart, while viewing infant portraits with high and low baby schema content and rating them for cuteness. Immediately after the first session, patients received an injection of extended-release naltrexone, while controls received no treatment. Whole brain analysis of variance showed gender by group by session interaction in the ventral striatum. Brain responses increased in female patients and decreased in male patients across sessions, while the pattern was reversed in the controls. Our findings show that naltrexone modulation of the brain response to key social stimulus depends on opioid homeostasis and gender and suggest that baby schema response may be used to evaluate the effects of prescribed or abused opioids on social cognition.